Spatial accessibility, commuters and spatial development

本研究的重点是确定自1970年以来的通勤行为的结构变化的功能的空间可达性和人口再分布的动态。该项目旨在测试从文献中得出的三个假设：a）郊区边缘已经与各自的核心城市脱钩，并且这种成熟的郊区会导致通勤距离的减少; B）高密度住区与低通勤量相关（即，从家到工作地点的距离较短），即使将往返行程一并考虑;（c）进一步改善交通设施对乘客行为的影响已随时间显著下降。德国和瑞士之间的比较可以识别不同的空间规划和交通规划strategies.Several hypotheses的影响已经制定了到目前为止：通勤联系的日益复杂性进行了分析的手段，在瑞士的每个城市的通勤区域。在德国的四个案例研究中，除了郊区化过程之外，还没有发现通勤距离的减少。在方法论方面，对于假设a）已经开发了一个新的程序，可以自动识别重叠的集水区B）开发了一个新的程序，用于将运输量分配给起点和目的地，以便运输量可以用空间统计方法来解释。在未来的研究中，通常的离散模式的方式选择和目的地选择，可用于c）必须扩大，以捕捉空间相关性的可能影响。

The focus of this research is the identification of the structural changes in commuting behaviour since 1970 as a function of the dynamics of spatial accessibility and population redistribution. The project aims to test three hypotheses derived from the literature: a) that the suburban fringes have decoupled from their respective core cities and that this maturation of suburbia leads to a reduction in commuting distances; b) that high-density settlements are associated with low commuting volumes (i.e. shorter home to work distances) even when incoming and outgoing trips are considered jointly; c) that the effect of further improvements in accessibility on commuter behaviour has declined markedly over time. The comparison between Germany and Switzerland allows for an identification of the effects of different spatial planning and transport planning strategies.Several hypotheses have been worked out so far: The increasing complexity of commuting linkage has been analysed by the mean of commuting regions of each municipality in Switzerland. In four case studies of Germany, reducing of commuting distance beside a suburbanisation process has not been detected.In terms of methodology, for hypothesis a) a new procedure has been developed that can automatically identify overlapping catchment areas b) new procedures for allocating transport volume to origin and destination are developed so that transport volume can then be explained with methodologies of spatial statistics. In future research the usual discrete models of mode choice and destination choice that can be used for c) have to be expanded in order to catch possible effects of spatial correlation.