Molecular and physiological mechanism of oxidative burst in relation to signal transduction for defense response of plant to infection

植物对病原菌或激发子产生诱导防御反应。超氧化物生成反应（Oxidative burst: OXB）的快速激活是在诱导防御反应的开始。该反应体系依赖于质膜上的NADPH氧化酶，受Ca^<2+ bb0、钙调蛋白、蛋白激酶等信号转导系统的调控。本研究对NADPH氧化酶的分离和表征、OXB刺激的信号转导以及OXB诱导的防御相关基因的诱导进行了研究，结果如下：1. 马铃薯块茎切片后老化过程中对切片表面OXB的响应电位随时间增加。2. 局部OXB在远离激发子处理侧的老化切片表面诱导亚系统OXB。马铃薯块茎质膜O_2生成NADPH氧化酶的动力学研究。4. 多种Ca^<2+>信号或蛋白激酶抑制剂可抑制局部和亚系统的作用。5. 去污剂对质膜活性0_2生成NADPH氧化酶的增溶作用。6. 溶解NADPH氧化酶电泳后凝胶中聚丙烯酸酯的几个活性带的检测。7. 人白细胞gp91p^<phox>同源cDNA的克隆及与水稻和拟南芥同源性的检测。8. 马铃薯块茎组织可溶性蛋白SDS-PAGE片段中人白细胞p67^<phax>抗体的信号检测。9. Ca^<2+>抑制剂对激发剂刺激的OXB的抑制作用对防御基因的诱导作用很小。瞧。OXB通过GTP结合蛋白刺激磷脂酶A_2。11. oxb相关的细胞质聚集依赖于肌动蛋白结合蛋白的肌动蛋白分子。12. OXB并不一定与诱导与植物抗毒素产生相关的酶有关。13. 为进一步从分子水平上了解OXB的酶和基因，有必要进一步研究产生0_2的NADPH氧化酶。少

Plants cause induced defense response to pathogens or elicitor. Rapid activation of superoxide generating reaction (Oxidative burst : OXB) is induced at the beginning of induction of the defense response. This reaction system was shown to be dependent on an NADPH oxidase in plasma membrane regulated by signal trasnduction system involving Ca^<2+>, calumodulin, protein kinase, etc. In the present research, isolation and characterization of the NADPH oxidase, signal transduction stimulated by OXB and OXB-induced induction of defense-related genes were investigated with the following results. 1. Time course increase in potential for response with OXB on the sliced surface during aging after slicing of potato tuber. 2. Induction of sub-systemic OXB at aged sliced surface distant from elicitor treated side with local OXB.3. Kinetics of O_2 generating NADPH oxidase in isolated plasma membrane fraction of potato tuber. 4. Various inhibitor for Ca^<2+> signaling or protein kinase inhibited ind … More uctions of local and sub-systemic. 5. Solubirization of active 0_2 generating NADPH oxidase from plasma membrane by detergents. 6. Detection of several active bands in polyacril amid gel after electrophoresis of solubilized NADPH oxidase. 7. Cloning of cDNA homologous with gp91p^<phox> of human leukocytes and detection of homology with those from rice and Arabidopsis plants. 8. Detection of signal by antibody against p67^<phax> from human leukocytes in the fraction on SDS-PAGE of soluble protein from potato tuber tissues. 9. Inhibition by Ca^<2+> inhibitor of elicitor-stimulated OXB resulted in little induction of defense genes. lO.OXB stimulated phospholypase A_2 depending on a GTP binding protein. 11. OXB-related cytoplasmic aggregation was dependent on actin molecules with actin-binding proteins. 12. OXB did not necessarily associated with induction of enzymes related with phytoalexin production. 13. Further characterization of 0_2 generating NADPH oxidase was necessary for understanding OXB at molecular level of enzyme and gene. Less