Fabrication of an obturator prosthesis that completes velopharyngeal sealing without fail

言语球增强闭孔假体的制作1)使用单独的托盘和海藻酸盐印模材料对上颌，包括咽侧壁和后壁进行最终印模。2)为了制造最终的铸件，将牙石倒入压模中。在铸型上，多余的凹槽被适当地修改，言语球被上蜡，其位置对准在咽后壁上的Passavant脊，整个过程的每个阶段随后都按照常规程序进行，如记录上颌下颌关系，安排假牙，临床试用，烧瓶，整理和抛光。3)常规方法足以很好地调节完成的闭孔假体。4)舌球与咽外侧壁和后壁相距1-2毫米是必要的。5)鼻咽纤维镜对调整语球，帮助患者恢复腭咽功能是必不可少的。功能评估方法以下方法有助于确认语音球增强闭孔假体的完整功能：1)关于腭咽功能：(1)侧脑电图，(2)饮水测试，(3)吹气测试，（4)鼻咽纤维镜检查，(5)鼻部气流流出量测量2）关于语音：(1)发音测试，(2)语音可理解性测试，(3)发音测试，(1)发音测试，(2)语音清晰度测试，(3)发音测试(4)声谱图(3)吞咽检查：(1)饮水试验，(2)视频荧光摄影，(3)电影荧光摄影其中，鼻咽部纤维镜检查是绝对必要的，不仅在制作闭孔假体时，而且在评估其功能时。

Fabrication of a Speech-bulb-augmented Obturator Prosthesis1) The final impression was taken of the upper jaw, including the lateral and posterior walls of the pharynx, using an individual tray and alginate impression material.2) In order to fabricate the final cast, dental stone was poured into the impression. On the cast superfluous undercuts were modified properly, and the speech-bulb was waxed up, with its placement aimed at the Passavant ridge elevated on the posterior wall of the pharynx, every stage of the whole process being subsequently commited to conventional procedures such as recording of maxillomandibular relations, the arrangement of artificial teeth, clinical try-in, flasking, and finishing and polishing.3) A conventional method was sufficient to well adjust the completed obturator prosthesis.4) It was necessary to have the speech-bulb and the lateral and posterior walls of the pharynx situated 1-2 mm apart.5) A nasopharyngeal fiberscope was indispensable to adjusting the speech-bulb and helping the patient regain his velopharyngeal function.2. Functional Assessment MethodsThe following methods helped to confirm the full functionality of the speech-bulb-augmented obturator prosthesis :1) With respect to velopharyngeal function :(1) Lateral Cephalogram, (2) Water Drinking Test, (3) Blowing Test, (4) Nasopharyngeal Fiberscopy, (5) Measurement of Outflow of Airstream From the Nares2) With respect to speech sound :(1) Pronunciation Test, (2) Speech Intelligibility Test, (3) Articulation Test, (4) Sound Spectrography3) With respect to swallowing :(1) Water Drinking Test, (2) Videofuluorography, (3) CinefluorographyOf these, nasopharyngeal fiberscopy was of absolute necessity, not only in fabricating an obturator prosthesis but also in assessing its function.