Gibberellin production and cell differentiation in plant cell culture

采用GC-SIM法对不同形态的植物冠瘿细胞中赤霉素（GA）的含量进行了分析，研究了赤霉素的产生与植物细胞形态发生的关系。通过克隆含有诺帕林型ti质粒（pTi-T37）的烟草细胞，获得了无组织细胞和芽形成畸胎瘤两种细胞。芽形成畸胎瘤中含有的C_< 20 b> -GAs，如GA_< 19 >、GA_< 23 >和GA_< 53 > (700 ~ 800 pg/gr / wt)高于未组织细胞（小于100 pg/gr / wt）。比较了长春花（Catharanthus roseus）野碱型和八碱型冠瘿组织中GA的含量。具有生物活性的气体仅在易于形成芽的野碱型细胞的提取物中检测到。气相色谱-质谱分析表明，该细胞中的一个GAs为GA_< 24 >-GAs，一个为C_< 20 >-GAs。通过诱导野碱型ti质粒获得的成芽烟草冠瘿组织具有合成烯的能力。该细胞的主要气体为C20-GAs，其含量与上文1所述的针状畸胎瘤几乎相同。从以上结果可以看出，GA的产生与冠瘿组织的形态发生密切相关。赤霉素的生物合成能力出现在与正常植物组织相似的芽形成细胞中，而在无组织的植物细胞中则受到抑制。

The relationship between gibberellin (GA) production and morphogenesis of plant cells was investigated by analyzing GA contents in crown gall cells of different morphology using GC-SIM after purification of GA fractions from cell extracts.1. Two kinds of cells, an unorganized cell and a shoot-forming teratoma, were obtained by cloning tobacco cells having nopaline type Ti-plasmid (pTi-T37). The shoot-forming teratoma contained higher levels of C_<2 0>-GAs, such as GA_<1 9>, GA_<2 3> and GA_<5 3> (700-800 pg/gr fr wt)than that of the unorganized cells (less than 100 pg/gr fr wt).2. GA contents in nopaline type and octopine type crown gall tissues of Catharanthus roseus were compared. Biologically active GAs were only detected in the extracts of the nopaline type cells which is able to develop shoots easily. The one of GAs in this nopaline type cells was identified as GA_<2 4>, one of C_<2 0>-GAs, by GC-MS.3. Shoot-forming tobacco crown gall tissue obtained by inducing nopaline type Ti-plasmid has ent-kaurene synthesis capacity. Main GAs in this cell were found to be C20-GAs, and their levels were almost the same as that of the shoot-forming teratoma described in the above 1.From the above results, there must be a close correlation between GA production and morphogenesis of crown gall tissues. Gibberellin biosynthesis ability appears in shoot-forming cells similar to normal plant tissues, while it is supressed in unorganized plant cells.