Studies on Rigor-Mortis and Rigor Off in Fish

1. 鱼类尸僵过程与ATP降解和乳酸积累有关，且在0^ C时其速率加快。在0^ C时，肌浆网吸收Ca^<2+>的能力降低，细胞内Ca^<2+>浓度升高。因此，肌原纤维Mg^<2+> -ATP酶被激活，ATP被迅速分解，加速尸僵进程。2. 驯化温度对尸僵性影响明显。驯化温度与贮藏温度的差异越大，尸僵进程越快。3. 在运动养殖河豚和野生红鲷中，ATP分解缓慢，尸僵时间延长。4. 制备了三种鲤鱼“荒料”，并测定了“荒料”的物理性质。因子分析表明，“arai”在0^。C和18^ C处理结果相似，49^ C处理结果不同。扫描电镜图显示，与未经处理的鱼片相比，“新菜”鱼片表面有更多的液滴。在“arai”中观察到肌肉纤维之间有轻微的间隙。在49^ C条件下制备的黑鲈“arai”中，ATP明显减少，收缩非常强烈。通过洗涤产生并积累果糖-1,6-二磷酸（FDP）。在49^ C时，FDP被代谢为乳酸，提供的ATP被认为是作为收缩能量消耗。5. 研究了冷冻红鲷鱼和鲤鱼肌肉的解冻严密性。红鲷在-1.6^ C时收缩最强，鲤鱼在-1.1^ C时收缩最强。这可能是由于海水鱼类肌肉的熔点或冰点比淡水鱼低。6. 考虑了肌原纤维的断裂是导致纤维松动和软化的原因。α -肌动蛋白被蛋白酶从Z-line上解放和溶解。因此，z线结构变得脆弱，肌原纤维发生断裂。贮藏早期连接蛋白和星云蛋白的分解也导致了肌原纤维的脆性。少

1. Rigor-mortis progress in fishes was associated with ATP degradation and lactate accumulation, and its rate was accelerated at 0^ﾟC. At 0^ﾟC capacity of Ca^<2+> uptake in sarcoplasmic reticulum was lowered while intracellular Ca^<2+> concentration was increased. Therefore, myofibrillar Mg^<2+> -ATPase was activated, and ATP was decomposed rapidly and rigor-mortis progress was accelerated. 2. The influence of acclimated temperature on rigor-mortis was obvious. The larger the difference between acclimated temperature and storage temperature was, the faster the progress of rigor-mortis was. 3. In puffer under exercise cultivation and wild red sea bream, ATP was decomposed slowly and rigor-mortis was prolonged. 4. Three kinds of "arai" of carp were prepared and the physical property of "arai" was determined. Factor analysis showed that "arai" at 0^。C and 18^ﾟC treatments resembled each other and treatment at 49^ﾟC yielded different results. Scanning electron micrography showed less liped … More droplets on the surface of "arai" than that of untreated fish slices. Slight gaps between muscle fibers were observed in "arai". In "arai" of sea bass prepared at 49^ﾟC ATP was decreased remarkably and contraction was very strong. By washing, Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) was produced and accumulated. At 49^ﾟC FDP was metabolized to lactate, and supplied ATP was considered to be consumed as contraction energy. 5. The thaw-rigor was investigated in frozen red sea bream and carp muscles. The strongest contractions were observed at -1.6^ﾟC in red sea bream and at -1.1^ﾟC in carp. This may be due to the fact that the melting or freezing points in the muscles of sea-water fishes are lower than those in fresh-water fishs. 6. As the cause of rigor off and softening, the fragmentation of myfibril was considered. alpha-actinin was liberated and solubilized from Z-line by protease. Consequently, the structure of z-line became fragile and fragmentation of myofibril occurred. Decomposition of connectin and nebulin during early storage also caused the fragility of myofibril. Less