The study on the role of fluoride in the formation of urinary calculi

泰国北部有许多尿路结石患者，我们在X光片上看到这些患者患有氟骨症，这次我们与V.Choomsai教授和教授合作，测定了泰国北部61例尿石症患者的饮用水和尿氟浓度。S.Wudhikarn。61例患者的平均年龄为52.2岁。男39例，女22例。其中10例(16.4%)X线表现为氟骨症。男8例，女2例。61例患者饮用水氟含量为0.36 mg/L。尿氟浓度为1.02 mg/L。10例骨质疏松症患者饮水氟含量为0.81 mg/L。尿氟浓度为1.84 mg/L。对61例患者的12个尿路结石进行了红外光谱分析。其中草酸钙结石2例，磷酸镁铵结石3例，草酸钙和磷酸钙结石5例，草酸钙和其他结石2例。我们用电子探针显微分析仪、X射线分析仪和偏光显微镜分析了2例泰国患者和2例日本患者的结石。泰国北部尿路结石的形成似乎与他们的食物和卫生状况有关，骨氟中毒可能是食物和饮用水摄入氟的结果。我们感谢清迈大学医学院外科泌尿外科Vorvat Choomsai教授和Supot Wudhikarn教授的好意泰国。

There are many urinary stone patients in the northern part of Thailand and we have seen these patients having bone fluorosis on X-ray.This time we were able to determine fluorine concentration of the drinking water and the urine of 61 urolithiasis patients in the northern part of Thailand under cooperation with Prof. V. Choomsai and prof. S. Wudhikarn. Mean age of 61 patients was 52.2 year-old. Thirty-nine patients were male and 22 patients were female. Ten patients (16.4%) in these patients had bone fluorosis on X-ray. Eight patients were male and 2 patients were female. The fluorine concentration of drinking water in 61 patients was 0.36 mg per liter. The fluorine concentration of urine in these patients was 1.02 mg per liter. The fluorine concentration of drinking water in 10 patients with bone changes was 0.81 mg per liter. The fluorine concentration of urine in these patients was 1.84 mg per liter. There was no significance between the patients with bone changes and without bone changes.We analyzed 12 urinary stones in 61 patients by using infrared analyzer. Calcium oxalate stones were 2, magnesium ammonium phosphate stones were 3, calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones were 5, and calcium oxalate and other's stones were 2. We analyzed 2 stones of Thai patients and 2 stones of Japanese patients by Electron Probe Micro Analyzer, X-ray Analyzer and Polarized Microscope.The urinary stone formation in northern Thailand seemed to be related to their foods and the state of sanitation and bone fluorosis to be the effect of the fluorine intake from foods and drinking water.We appreciate the helpful kindness of Prof. Vorvat Choomsai and Prof. Supot Wudhikarn, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.