Chemical Investigation of Naturally Occurring Drug Materials. Elucidation of Scientific Basis for Traditional Medicines and Exploitation of New Naturally Occurring Drugs

我们的研究项目包括：1）为寻找新的生物活性物质而进行的生药加工的化学表征; 2）生药中生物活性成分的化学分析; 3）具有药用价值的食品原料的科学评价; 4）从海洋生物中开发新的生物活性物质。迄今为止，我们已经鉴定了下列生药和海洋生物的化学成分。1.根据加工方法的不同，葛根分为三种类型，即Sho-jio，Kan-jio和Juku-jio。本文详细比较了不同炮制品的化学成分（环烯醚萜、紫罗兰酮葡萄糖苷、甘草苷、毛蕊花糖苷、寡糖），并阐明了其化学特征。2.甘草是从各种甘草属植物的根中提取的生药。详细分析了其化学成分（皂苷、黄酮类化合物等）， ...更多信息 苯丙烷类）各种植物的根和不同加工的根。3.从大豆中分离得到两种甘油糖脂，分别命名为大豆糖苷I和大豆糖苷II，并鉴定了它们的化学结构。用新研制的液膜式装置和人红细胞膜，发现大豆皂甙Ⅱ对Ca^2+具有电离层活性。4.分离得到两个新的皂甙，命名为茶皂甙E_1和E_2，并鉴定了它们的结构。5.从海绵Theonella swinhoei中分离得到4个新的具有细胞毒性的二聚体大环内酯类化合物，分别命名为swinholides A、B和C，以及异swinholide A。确定了它们的绝对立体结构，并对其构效关系进行了详细的研究。6.异σ糖脂I、II、III和IV是从培养的针藻甲藻中分离得到的4种新的具有ω 3-多不饱和脂肪酸残基的二酰基甘油糖脂，并测定了它们的结构。少

Our research project comprises: 1) chemical characterization of the crude drug processing in anticipation of finding new bioactive substances, 2) chemical analysis of bioactive constituents in crude drugs, 3) scientific evaluation of food materials of medicinal value, and 4) exploitation of new bioactive substances from marine organisms. So far, we have elucidated the chemical constituents of following crude drugs and marine organisms. 1. Depending upon the kind of processing method, Rehmanniae Radix (rehmannia root) is classified into three types as Sho-jio, Kan-jio, and Juku-jio. We have compared in detail the chemical constituents (e.g. iridoid, ionone glucoside, cerebroside, acteoside, and oligosaccharide) of those differently processed rehmannia roots and elucidated their chemical characteristics. 2. Glycyrrhizae Radix (licorice root) is the crude drug prepared from the root of various Glycyrrhiza spp. We have analyzed in detail the chemical constituents (e.g. saponin, flavonoid, … More phenylpropanoid) of Glycyrrhizae Radices of various botanical origins and of differently processed ones. 3. Two glycero glycolipids named soya-cerebrosides I and II were isolated from soybean and their chemical structures elucidated. By using newly developed liquid membrane-type apparatus and human erythrocyte membrane, soya-cerebroside II has been found to exhibit ionospheretic activity for Ca^<2+> ion. 4. Two new saponins named theasaponins E_1 and E_2 have been isolated and their structures elucidated. 5. Four new potent cytotoxic dimeric macrolides named swinholides A,B, and C, and isoswinholide A having dimeric dilactone with a 44-membered ring were isolated from the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. Their absolute stereostructures were elucidated and the structure-activity relationship has been studied in detail. 6. Heterosigma-glycolipids I,II,III, and IV,four new diacylglycero-glycolipids possessing omega3-polyunsaturated fatty acid residues, were isolated from the cultured raphidophycean dinoflagellate and their structures have been determined. Less