Elucidation of Mechanism of Enzymatic Reaction in Biphasic System and Study of Chemical Reaction Engineering on Characteristics of Membrane Bioreactor

为了阐明疏水底物的酶促反应机理，在两相和微乳液体系中测定了几种底物的水解速率。我们还进行了初步的实验研究膜生物反应器的特性行为。得到以下结果.为了阐明两相体系中脂肪酶催化2-萘酯同系物水解的机理，我们用路易斯电池测定了2-萘酯同系物的水解速率。在双膜模型的基础上，发现这些底物的水解在界面处进行。界面反应速率可用Michaelis-Menten机理关联。水解速率常数和米氏常数与2-萘酯的种类几乎无关，且远大于水相中的水解速率常数和米氏常数.在微乳液中测定了酶促反应速率，微乳液是一个合适的模型系统， ...更多信息 阐明了界面反应机理。（1）在微乳液中测定了α-糜蛋白酶和脂肪酶对亲水性底物乙酰水杨酸的水解速率。疏水脂肪酶催化的反应在微乳液界面附近进行。亲水性α-糜蛋白酶的反应在微乳液的水池中进行，反应速率常数随微乳液含水量的增加而增大。（2）测定了疏水底物乙酸萘酯在微乳液中的水解速率。脂肪酶在反应中表现出超活性行为。而α-糜蛋白酶的反应在微乳液的水池中进行，其反应速率常数随水含量的增加而增大.我们进行了初步的实验，以阐明酶反应的膜生物反应器的特征行为，并检查增加疏水底物的反应产率的可能性。然而，在这些反应体系中不能提高反应产率。因此，在进一步的研究中，将需要与其他疏水性基板的实验。少

In order to elucidate the enzymatic reaction mechanism for hydrophobic substrates, the hydrolysis rates for several substrates were measured in biphasic and microemulsion systems. We have also carried out preliminary experiments to investigate the characteristic behavior of membrane bioreactor. The following results were obtained.1. We measured the rate of hydrolysis of the homologs of 2-naphthyl ester by using a Lewis-cell to elucidate the mechanism of the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis in biphasic systems. On the basis of the two-film model, it was found that the hydrolysis of these substrates proceeds at the interface. The interfacial reaction rate could be correlated by the Michaelis-Menten mechanism. The values of the rate constant and the Michaelis constant were almost independent of the kinds of 2-naphthyl ester and were much greater than those for the hydrolysis in the aqueos phase.2. The enzymatic reaction rates were measured in microemulsion, which is a suitable model system to … More elucidate the interfacial reaction mechanism.(1)The hydrolysis rate of a hydrophilic substrate, acetylsalicylic acid, with alpha -chymotrypsin and lipase were measured in microemulsion. The reaction catalysed by hydrophobic lipase proceeds near the interface of microemulsion. On the other hand, the reaction by hydrophilic a -chymotrypsin proceeds in the water-pool of microemulsion, and the rate constant increased with the increase in water contents of microemulsion.(2)The hydrolysis rate of a hydrophobic substrate, 2-naphthy lacetate were also measured in microemulsion. Super-active behavior was observed in the reaction by lipase. On the other hand, the reaction for alpha -chymotrypsin was found to proceed in the water-pool of microemulsion and the rate constant increased with the increase in water contents.3. We carried out the preliminary experiments to elucidate the characteristic behavior of a membrane bioreactor for enzymatic reactions and also to examine the possibility of increasing the reaction yield of the hydrophobic substrate. flowever, the reaction yields could not be enhanced in these reaction systems. Therefore, experiments with the other hydrophobic substrates will be required in the further study. Less