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Formation of Poroas Membrane by Phase soparation with Supercritica/CO_2

Supercritica/CO_2相分离形成Poroas膜

基本信息

批准号：
11450299
负责人：
TERAMOTO Masaaki
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Kyoto Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11450299/
关键词：
sapercritica CO_2 phase Separation Microporous Membrane Polystyrene Cellulose Acetate 光散乱法 spinodal分解

项目摘要

Microporous polystyrene membranes were prepared by the phase separation process using the supercritical CO_2 as a nonsolvent for the polymer solution. The thin polymer solution in a laboratory dish was located inside a cell and the supercritical CO_2 was introduced to induce the phase separation. The dry flat microporous membranes were obtained without collapse of the structure after the CO_2 pressure was diminished. Effects of the experimental conditions such as the CO_2 pressure, the polymer concentration and the temperature on the average pore size and membrane porosity were investigated.In the preparation of porous cellulose acetate membrane by phase separation with supercritical CO_2, five kinds of diluents were used and effect of the diluent on the membrane structure and performance was investigated. As the mutual affinity between diluent and supercritical CO_2 decreased, the membrane porosity and the average pore size near the center position increased and the thicker skin layer was formed at the top surface. In all cases, macrovoid was not formed, although the phase separation occurred instantaneously after CO_2 was introduced. This was a contrast to the macrovoid formation in the condition of instantaneous phase separation using water as nonsolvent. The membrane performances such as the solute rejection coefficient and the water permeability were measured for the obtained porous membranes.

以超临界CO_2为非溶剂，采用相分离法制备了聚苯乙烯微孔膜。将实验皿中的聚合物稀溶液置于池中，引入超临界CO_2以诱导相分离。降低CO2压力后，得到了干燥的平板微孔膜，膜结构没有塌陷。考察了CO_2压力、聚合物浓度、温度等实验条件对膜平均孔径和孔隙率的影响，并在超临界CO_2相分离法制备醋酸纤维素多孔膜中，选用了5种稀释剂，考察了稀释剂对膜结构和性能的影响。随着稀释剂与超临界CO2之间亲和力的降低，膜孔隙率和中心位置附近的平均孔径增加，上表面形成较厚的表皮层。在所有情况下，虽然在引入CO_2后立即发生相分离，但没有形成大孔。这与在以水为非溶剂的瞬时相分离条件下大孔的形成对比。测定了所得多孔膜的溶质截留系数和透水性等膜性能。