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Formation of Poroas Membrane by Phase soparation with Supercritica/CO_2

Supercritica/CO_2相分离形成Poroas膜

基本信息

批准号：
11450299
负责人：
TERAMOTO Masaaki
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Kyoto Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11450299/
关键词：
sapercritica CO_2 phase Separation Microporous Membrane Polystyrene Cellulose Acetate 光散乱法 spinodal分解

项目摘要

Microporous polystyrene membranes were prepared by the phase separation process using the supercritical CO_2 as a nonsolvent for the polymer solution. The thin polymer solution in a laboratory dish was located inside a cell and the supercritical CO_2 was introduced to induce the phase separation. The dry flat microporous membranes were obtained without collapse of the structure after the CO_2 pressure was diminished. Effects of the experimental conditions such as the CO_2 pressure, the polymer concentration and the temperature on the average pore size and membrane porosity were investigated.In the preparation of porous cellulose acetate membrane by phase separation with supercritical CO_2, five kinds of diluents were used and effect of the diluent on the membrane structure and performance was investigated. As the mutual affinity between diluent and supercritical CO_2 decreased, the membrane porosity and the average pore size near the center position increased and the thicker skin layer was formed at the top surface. In all cases, macrovoid was not formed, although the phase separation occurred instantaneously after CO_2 was introduced. This was a contrast to the macrovoid formation in the condition of instantaneous phase separation using water as nonsolvent. The membrane performances such as the solute rejection coefficient and the water permeability were measured for the obtained porous membranes.

以超临界CO_2作为聚合物溶液的非溶剂，通过相分离法制备微孔聚苯乙烯膜。将实验室培养皿中的稀聚合物溶液置于细胞内，并引入超临界CO_2以诱导相分离。降低CO_2压力后得到干燥的平板微孔膜，结构没有塌陷。考察了CO_2压力、聚合物浓度和温度等实验条件对平均孔径和膜孔隙率的影响。超临界CO_2相分离法制备醋酸纤维素多孔膜时,使用了5种稀释剂,考察了稀释剂对膜结构和性能的影响。随着稀释剂与超临界CO_2之间的相互亲和力降低，膜的孔隙率和中心位置附近的平均孔径增大，并在顶面形成较厚的皮层。在所有情况下，尽管在引入CO_2后立即发生相分离，但没有形成大空隙。这与使用水作为非溶剂的瞬时相分离条件下的大孔隙形成形成对比。对所获得的多孔膜测量溶质截留系数和水渗透率等膜性能。