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Study on gas separation by facilitated transport liquid membranes

促进传输液膜气体分离研究

基本信息

批准号：
60550666
负责人：
TERAMOTO Masaaki
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Kyoto Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60550666/
关键词：
Facilitated transport Carrier transport Liquid membrane Gas separation Supported liquid membrane Ethylene 硝酸銀

项目摘要

Liquid membranes through which gases are transported by the facilitated diffusion mechanism have higher selectivity compared with polymer membranes. In the present study, the transport mechanism of ethylene through supported liquid membrane (SLM) containing <AgNO_3> as a carrier was elucidated. Furthermore, a flowing liquid membrane (FLM), which has higher permeability and stability compared with SLM, was proposed, and its performance was evaluated.In the separation of ethylene from ethane by SLM, the separation factor <(C_2H_4/C_2H_6)_3> increased with increasing carrier concentration, reaching about 1000 when [ <AgNO_3> ] was 4 mol/dm. An approximate method for caclulating the rate of facilitated transport accompanied by instantaneous reversible reaction was proposed. This method is applicable even to the case where the diffusivities of the carrier and the complex differ from each other. The experimentally observed flux of ethylene agreed well with the flux calculated by the approximation method.A flowing liquid membrane cell with three channels for feed gas, carrier solution( <AgNO_3> solution) and strip gas was developed. The channels were separated by hydrophobic microporous membrames. The permeability of gas at high flow rate of carrier solution was about 5 times that of SLM. In the separation of ethylene from ethane, membrane fouling due to the evaporation of the solvent was not observed. When polypropylene membrane was used, however, precipitates, presumably <Ag_2O> , covered the membrane, resulting in low permeability. This fouling was avoided by adding nitric acid to the carrier solution. When Teflon membrane was used, FLM was stable for more than 11 days even without nitric acid. By evacuating strip side of SLM, 98% ethylene was produced. The experimental result was satisfactorily simulated by a permeation model and design equations.

与聚合物膜相比，通过促进扩散机制输送气体的液膜具有更高的选择性。本文研究了乙烯在以聚乙烯为载体的支撑液膜中的传输机理<AgNO_3>。在此基础上，提出了一种比SLM具有更高渗透性和稳定性的流动液膜（FLM），并对其性能进行了评价，在SLM分离乙烯和乙烷的实验中，分离因子<（C_2H_4/C_2H_6）_3>随载体浓度的增加而增加，当[<AgNO_3>]为4 mol/dm ~ 2时，分离因子可达1000左右。提出了一种计算伴有瞬时可逆反应的促进传递速率的近似方法。该方法甚至适用于载流子和络合物的扩散率彼此不同的情况。实验测得的乙烯通量与用近似法计算的通量吻合较好<AgNO_3>。通道由疏水微孔膜分隔。在高载液流速下气体透过率约为SLM的5倍。在乙烯与乙烷的分离中，没有观察到由于溶剂蒸发而引起的膜污染。然而，当使用聚丙烯膜时，沉淀物可能<Ag_2O>覆盖膜，导致低渗透性。通过向载体溶液中加入硝酸来避免这种结垢。当使用聚四氟乙烯膜时，即使没有硝酸，FLM也稳定超过11天。通过抽真空SLM的带侧，产生98%的乙烯。实验结果用渗透模型和设计方程进行了满意的模拟。