Neuronal transplantation therapy for Parkinson' disease

在1990 - 1991年科学研究补助金(C)的支持下，我们研究了交感神经节移植对帕金森病实验动物模型异常的影响。用反复注射MPTP诱导10只猕猴（褐斑猕猴）帕金森综合征。在7只猴子中，将自体颈上神经节（SCG）移植到双侧尾状核中。一只猴子接受了颞肌片段移植作为假手术，两只猴子在MPTP治疗后没有移植作为对照。接受SCG移植的7只猴子中有6只在移植后1 - 3周显示运动活动增加。假组和对照组的猴子在MPTP诱导的帕金森病上没有表现出改善。儿茶酚胺组织荧光显示移植物中有许多儿茶酚胺细胞，儿茶酚胺纤维延伸到宿主脑内。多巴胺代谢物同质香草酸（HVA）在MPTP治疗后脑脊液中含量降低，SCG移植后又升高。7只接受SCG移植的猴子中，有4只在移植后1 - 2年进行了仔细观察。他们没有出现帕金森病的复发，也没有出现异常行为和癫痫等明显的副作用。移植25个月后处死一只猴子，观察其脑组织儿茶酚胺组织荧光。在这只猴子身上，黑质和纹状体中分别失去了许多多巴胺细胞和纤维。在尾状核的头部，含有大量儿茶酚胺细胞和纤维的移植组织存活下来。这些结果表明，SCG移植可以改善实验动物模型中的帕金森病。帕金森氏病患者应考虑这种移植治疗。

By the support of Grant - in Aid for Scientific Research (C) from 1990 to 1991, we have investigated the effect of sympathetic ganglion transplantation on abnormalities in experimental animal model of Parkinson's disease.Ten monkeys (macaca fuscata) were induced Parkinson's syndrome by repeated injection of MPTP. In 7 monkeys, the autologous superior cervical ganglion (SCG) was transplanted bilaterally into the caudate nuclei. One monkey received transplantation of a fragment of temporal muscle as a sham operation, and two monkeys having no transplantation after the MPTP treatment served as control. Six out of 7 monkeys that had received the SCG transplantation revealed increased motor activity 1 - 3 weeks after transplantation. The sham and control monkeys failed to show improvement on MPTP - induced parkinsonism. Catecholamine histofluorescence showed many catecholamine cells in the graft and extension of catecholamine fibers into the host brain. Homovanillic acid (HVA), a metabolite of dopamine, content in the CSF decreased after MPTP treatment, which was followed by an increase after the SCG transplantation.Four out of 7 monkeys receiving SCG transplantation were carefully observed for 1 - 2 years after the transplantation. They showed neither recurrence of parkinsonism nor significant side effects such as abnormal behaviors and epilepsy. One monkey was sacrificed 25 months after the transplantation, its brain was observed catecholamine histofluorescence. In this monkey, many dopamine cells and fibers had been lost in the substantia nigra and the striatum, respectively. In the head of the caudate nucleus, the transplanted tissue containing many catecholamine cells and fibers had survived.These results demonstrate that SCG transplantation ameliorates parkinsonism in experimental animal model. This transplantation therapy should be considered in patients with Parkinson's disease.