The „Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia" (1955-1990) between Yugoslav and Sub-Yugoslav nation-building

《南斯拉夫百科全书》(EJ)是在文化和学术知识领域建设社会主义南斯拉夫国家的旗舰项目。《欧洲日报》的第一版是塞尔维亚-克罗地亚文版本(1955--71年)，但未完成的《欧洲日报》第二版(1980--1990年)以斯洛文尼亚文、塞尔维亚-克罗地亚文/克罗地亚文-塞尔维亚文、西里尔文、马其顿文、匈牙利文和阿尔巴尼亚文出版。欧洲法院旨在给予南斯拉夫人民和民族以文化和历史为基础的共同认同感。它同时被赋予了在次南斯拉夫联邦单位一级进行国家建设以及建立所有六个组成民族和更大民族的特性的任务，有时是相互矛盾的。《经济学人》的内容如何呈现南斯拉夫和次南斯拉夫两级的国家建设；《经济学人》及其创造者是某一建国政治立场的代言人还是偏见者；《经济学人》中的建国概念如何影响《经济学人》中的知识生产，对公众有何影响？这项研究将基于这样一个论点，即EJ是南斯拉夫知识分子和文化生活中反中心主义势力的主要知识权威。司法部将自己从1950年代颠覆南斯拉夫单一主义的坚定联邦主义南斯拉夫文化纲领转变为强烈肯定共和国和自治省国家建设的纲领(S)，反映了自1960年代末以来南斯拉夫的分散主义改造。在历史上塞尔维亚人占主导地位或有强烈标志的南斯拉夫周边地区(波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、马其顿、黑山、伏伊伏丁那、科索沃)，在政治和文化上得到解放的南斯拉夫周边地区，副南斯拉夫的国家建设作用变得尤为重要。由于这些社区的文化和学术基础设施仍在发展中，而且它们在南斯拉夫中心和国际上缺乏文化合法性，司法部为这些首次出现的部分社区提供了建国论证和指导。该项目将通过侧重于国际司法机构的四个方面来记录这些假设：1)将在框架分析的帮助下探索与国家建设有关的内容，这是一种话语分析方法；2)将根据国际司法机构以外的传记和学术工作，研究为国际司法机构撰写“国家问题”文章的作者；3)对国际司法机构(Yli)的分析；4)更广泛的政治背景将主要基于对档案和报纸主要资料来源的研究，以及对国际司法机构合作者的采访，这将在萨格勒布、萨拉热窝、贝尔格莱德、普里什蒂纳和斯科普里进行。研究将特别侧重于阿尔巴尼亚人和科索沃在EJ以及2EJ的阿尔巴尼亚语版本中的表现。

The Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia (EJ) was the flagship project of the socialist Yugoslav nation-building in the fields of culture and academic knowledge. The first edition of the EJ was published in one Serbo-Croatian version (1955-71), but the unfinished second edition of the EJ (1980-90) appeared in Slovenian, Serbo-Croatian/Croato-Serbian in Latin and in Cyrillic script, Macedonian, Hungarian and Albanian versions. The EJ aimed to give Yugoslav peoples and nationalities the sense of a common identity based on culture and history. It was simultaneously given the, sometimes contradictory, task of nation-building at the level of sub-Yugoslav federal units as well as the building of identities of all six constituent peoples and larger nationalities. How did the EJ content present nation-building on Yugoslav and sub-Yugoslav levels; were the EJ and its creators a voice of particular nation-building political positions or bias; how did the nation-building concepts in the EJ shape knowledge production in it and what was the public impact? The research will be based on the thesis that the EJ served as a leading knowledge authority for anti-centralist forces in the intellectual and cultural life of Yugoslavia. The EJ transformed itself from the staunchly federalist Yugoslav cultural platform in the 1950s that subverted Yugoslav unitarism to one that strongly affirmed nation-building(s) of republics and autonomous provinces reflecting the decentralist remodeling of Yugoslavia from the late 1960s onwards. The EJ’s sub-Yugoslav nation-building role became especially important in the case of the Yugoslav periphery that was historically Serb dominated or strongly marked as well as politically and culturally emancipated by the decentralization (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro, Vojvodina, Kosovo). The EJ provided these communities, partially emerging for the first time, with the nation-building argumentation and orientation as their cultural and academic infrastructure was still developing and they lacked cultural legitimation in the Yugoslav centers and internationally. The project will document these assumptions by focusing on four aspects of the EJ: 1) the content related to nation-building will be explored with the assistance of frame analysis, a discourse-analytical approach; 2) the authors that contributed to the EJ articles on the “national question” will be studied based on their biographies and academic work outside the EJ; 3) the analysis of the EJ’s institutional (YLI), and 4) broader political context will be primarily based on the research of archival and newspaper primary sources, as well as interviews with the collaborators of the EJ, that will be conducted in Zagreb, Sarajevo, Belgrade, Prishtina, and Skopje. The research will particularly focus on the representations of Albanianas and Kosovo in the EJ as well as 2EJ’s Albanian language edition.