Study on Global Atmospheric Variation Mechanisms Generated by Equatorial Middle-and Upper-Atmospheric Waves

本研究的目的是列出各种方法来了解赤道中高层大气波及其诱导的湍流和波如何影响整个地球大气的能量、动量和成分预算。在第一年（1995财政年度），对上述研究和观测技术进行了彻底审查。结果可分为：(1)大气波雷达观测；(2)气溶胶的激光雷达和气球观测；(3)臭氧和次要成分的飞机和地面观测；(4)对热层或电离层变化的卫星和地面观测；(5)大气和行星波的卫星观测；(6)大气成分模拟和卫星观测；(7)大气环流和输运过程的数值模拟。1995年12月16日，在京都大学无线电大气科学中心举行了一次全体会议。在RASC的一个工作站建立了一个名为“MARIA”（中层大气研究信息与公告）的开放邮件列表，现在被许多科学家使用。在第二年（1996财政年度），考虑了未来的研究和观测技术，特别是考虑到诸如“EPIC”（赤道过程包括耦合）和“PSMOS”（行星尺度中间层观测系统）等国际项目计划在下个世纪初左右。结果可归纳为以下四类：(i)赤道大气的垂直耦合；动力和化学耦合；大气-电离层耦合；跨学科的深入观察。这些已被描述并作为一份报告印刷，其中还描述了EPIC和PSMOS项目的建议。

The objective of this study is to list up various approaches to understand how the equatorial middle-and upper-atmospheric waves and their induced turbulence and waves affect the energy, momentum and constituent budgets in the whole earth's atmosphere.In the first year (FY 1995) the foregoing studies and observation techniqus were reviewed thoroughly. The results were categorized as(1) Radar observations of atmospheric waves ;(2) Lidar and balloon observations of aerosols ;(3) Airplane and ground-based observations of ozone and minor constituents ;(4) Satellite and ground-based observations of thermospheric or ionospheric variations ;(5) Satellite observations of general circulations and planetary waves ;(6) Modeling and satellite observations of atmospheric constituents ; and(7) Numerical simulations of general circulations and transport processes.On 16 December 1995 a general meeting was carried out at the Radio Atmospheric Sceince Center (RASC), Kyoto University. An open mailing list called "MARIA" (Middle Atmosphere Research Information and Announcement) was established at an workstation of RASC,which are now used by many scientists.In the second year (FY 1996) future studies and obseravation techniques have been considered, in particular in view of international projects such as "EPIC" (Equatorial Processes Including Coupling) and "PSMOS" (Planetary Scale Mesopause Observing System) planned around the beginning of the next century. The results have been summarized as the following four categories :(i) Vertical coupling of the equatorial atmosphere ;(ii) Dynamical and chemical coupling ;(iii) Atmosphere-ionosphere coupling ; and(iv) Interdisciplinary intensive observations.These have been described and printed as a report in which the proposals of EPIC and PSMOS projects are also described.