Molecular Biological Studies for the Evolution of the Nervous System as an Informational Processing System

1.长期内存和基因表达我们已经测试了Cerebellar Purkinje细胞在条件下的基因表达，因为它们接收了并行纤维和克隆纤维的conjunctive stimuli。我们发现了一种即时早期的基因，特别是六月B，当药理学上模拟的联想刺激被应用到Purkinje细胞中的切片和体内动物中。在音频-视觉描述任务Sakata和Kitsukawa合作与Yoshio Sakurai博士（京都大学，文学的事实）研究了当老鼠正在进行音频-视觉描述任务时，发现了增强的表达在音频-视觉描述任务时的基因表达。当老鼠正在为音频任务工作时，研究人员在音频任务工作。一种新的RNA类型：大鼠脑特定重复性（Bsr） RNakomine找到了一种新的RNA类型，大鼠脑特定重复性（Bsr） RNA。这种RNA是独一无二的，因为它是一种重复性RNA，而且只存在于大鼠大脑中。 ... More Rattus，4。发现双色猴子的颜色缺陷，大多与X-染色体相关联，在人类人口中发现了不同百分比。不管怎样，没有有色人种的猴子被报道在旧世界里，猴子的所有基因包括有色人种基因与人类非常相似。通过分析3 153个macaques、Onishi和Koike的DNA样本，找到了三只双色猴子。“猴子中的脏病频率明显地低于人类的水平。”基因被特别地描述在猴子的一个特定区域中，而新的一个物种在哺乳动物中特别地进化，并在大脑的更高功能中扮演主要角色。它可能会被分离到不同的功能区。由于现在，它还没有很好地理解这些地区是如何由环境投入进行遗传编程或确定的。我们正试图通过查明基因，这些问题被具体地描述在新地球的一个特定领域。在occipital cortex和Watakabe中找到了一个名为Occipital cortex的基因，在GDF 7中发现了一个基因命名的OCC-1的表达高于另一个。Less（低）

1. Long-term memory and gene expressionWe have examined gene expression of cerebellar Purkinje cells under the condition that they received the conjunctive stimuli of parallel fibers and climbing・ fibers. We found that immediate early genes, particularly jun-B, were induced when pharmacologically mimicked conjunctive stimuli were applied into Purkinje cells in slices and in vivo animals.2. Gene expression under audio-visual discrimination tasksSakata and Kitsukawa in collaboration with Dr. Yoshio Sakurai (Kyoto University, the faculty of Literature) examined the gene expression of c-fos when rats were proceeding to an audio-visual descimination task and found the expression was enhanced in the auditory cortex when rats were working for audio tasks.3. An novel type RNA: rat Brain Specific Repetitive (Bsr) RNAKomine found a novel type of RNA, rat brain specific repetitive (Bsr) RNA. This RNA is unique in that it is repetitive RNA specifically expressed in the rat brain and only exists in … More the rattus.4. Finding dichromatic monkeysColor deficiency, mostly linked to X-chromosome, is found about several percent in human population. However, no color-defective monkeys were reported in old world monkeys whose genes including color pigment genes are very similar to humans. By analyzing DNA samples of 3 153 macaques, Onishi and Koike found three dichromatic monkeys. The frequency of dichromats in monkeys is significantly lower than that of humans.5. Genes specifically expressed in specific areas of the monkey neocortexThe neocortex is particularly evolved in the mammal and plays the major role in higher functions of the brain. It can be separated into distinct functional areas. By now, it has not been well understood how these areas are genetically programmed or determined by environmental inputs. We are trying to approach these questions by identifying the genes that are specifically expressed in the specific areas of neocortex. Tochitani found a gene named OCC-1 specifically expressed in the occipital cortex and Watakabe found the expression of GDF7 is higher in the mortor cortex than other are as. Less