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COBRE Center for Central Nervous System Function

COBRE 中枢神经系统功能中心

基本信息

批准号：
8432159
负责人：
JEROME N SANES
金额：
$ 256.15万
依托单位：
BROWN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-15 至 2018-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8432159
关键词：
Address Affect Alzheimer&apos s Disease Ataxia Attention Attention Deficit Disorder Autistic Disorder Basal Ganglia Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Genetics Brain Brain Diseases Brain Injuries Brain imaging Centers of Research Excellence Child Communities Conflict (Psychology)Decision Making Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Doctor of Philosophy Dopamine Electroencephalography Ensure Environment Esthesia Event Experimental Designs Eye Faculty Funding Genetic Goals Grant Human Human Resources Institutes Learning Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mediating Memory Mental Depression Mental disorders Mentors Methods Movement Neocortex Nervous System Physiology Neuraxis Neurobiology Neurons Neurosciences Obsessive compulsive behavior Optics Participant Perception Preparation Procedures Process Psyche structure Psychological reinforcement Psychophysics Publications Recruitment Activity Research Research Activity Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resources Rewards Rhode Island Sampling Science Shapes Stimulus Structure System Testing Universities Visual Work arm autism spectrum disorder base classical conditioning design experimental analysis falls information gathering insight interest meetings member neocortical nervous system disorder neuroimaging neuropsychiatry nonhuman primate novel strategies operation programs public health relevance relating to nervous system research facility response selective attention theories tool vigilance vision development visual motor visual process visual processing volunteer young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Purposeful human behavior requires attention, decisions and action, all basic functions mediated by brain networks primarily located in the neocortex, but modulated and shaped by sub-cortical processing. Behavioral and brain mechanisms of attention, including vigilance, orienting and perceptual and action selection, are key gateways into high-level function. Thus, in a general and even specific sense, attention, decision making and the ensuing actions define human mental activities. Deficits in these functions are common in both neurological and psychiatric disorders and can result in a wide range of higher-order behavioral deficits. We propose to establish a COBRE Center for Central Nervous System Function at Brown University that will investigate the mechanisms of higher brain function, with a focus on attention, decision making and action and disorders that modify these key systems, using a combination of genetic, behavior, and systems neuroscience approaches. This COBRE consists of five research projects led by junior faculty. Morrow will investigate the neurobiology of children diagnosed with "difficult-to-treat autism," a group that often presents with obsessive compulsive behaviors. Amso will investigate the typical development of visual selective attention and the mechanisms of its disruption in autism spectrum disorder. Worden will examine selective attention mechanisms resulting from conflict. Asaad will investigate interactions between neocortex and basal ganglia during attention-based associative decision-making. Song will investigate how multiple neural systems become integrated to select actions, such as choosing to pick up a red instead of a blue pencil. A Design and Analysis Core will facilitate the research goals of these projects and benefit the broader Brown community by developing new tools and optimizing existing ones to image brain structure and function with MRI and EEG and neural recordings; and ensuring proper experimental design and analysis procedures across projects. Project leaders will benefit from senior faculty mentors who will provide support and guidance on research, publication, and grant preparation. An Administrative Core will oversee the operations of this COBRE (Center. The COBRE Center for Central Nervous System Function will fall under the auspices of the Brown Institute for Brain Science. The COBRE Center will leverage the administrative resources available through the Brown Institute for Brain Science to ensure efficient operation and coordinate with other brain science research activities at Brown.

描述（由申请人提供）：有目的的人类行为需要注意力、决策和行动，所有基本功能都由主要位于新皮层的大脑网络介导，但由皮层下处理调节和塑造。注意力的行为和大脑机制，包括警觉、定向、感知和动作选择，是进入高级功能的关键通道。因此，在一般甚至特定的意义上，注意力、决策和随后的行动定义了人类的心理活动。这些功能的缺陷在神经和精神疾病中很常见，并可能导致广泛的高阶行为缺陷。我们建议在布朗大学建立一个COBRE中枢神经系统功能中心，该中心将研究高级大脑功能的机制，重点关注注意力，决策和行动以及改变这些关键系统的疾病，使用遗传，行为和系统神经科学方法的组合。该COBRE由初级教师领导的五个研究项目组成。莫罗将调查被诊断为“难以治疗的自闭症”儿童的神经生物学，这是一个经常表现出强迫行为的群体。Amso将研究视觉选择性注意的典型发展及其在自闭症谱系障碍中的破坏机制。沃登将研究冲突导致的选择性注意机制。Asaad将研究在基于注意力的联想决策过程中新皮层和基底神经节之间的相互作用。Song将研究多个神经系统如何整合以选择动作，例如选择拿起红色而不是蓝色铅笔。设计和分析核心将促进这些项目的研究目标，并通过开发新工具和优化现有工具来利用MRI和EEG和神经记录对大脑结构和功能进行成像，从而使更广泛的布朗社区受益;并确保跨项目进行适当的实验设计和分析程序。项目负责人将受益于高级教师导师谁将提供研究，出版和赠款准备的支持和指导。一个行政核心将监督这个COBRE（中心）的运作。COBRE中枢神经系统功能中心将由布朗脑科学研究所赞助。COBRE中心将利用布朗脑科学研究所提供的行政资源，确保有效运作，并与布朗大学的其他脑科学研究活动协调。