Mechanism of seizure and the evaluation of antiseizure property of bearing materials

设计了一种新型轴承材料卡瓦试验机。旋转滚筒在静止的中空滚筒上挤压并摩擦，从而使卡箍发生在两个滚筒的接触界面之间。接触载荷通过不同柔度的螺旋弹簧施加，从而可以控制上圆柱体试件的上移阻力。通过对不同轴承材料的卡瓦试验，了解到卡瓦现象是摩擦副的上部部件被抬起，并在摩擦界面与滑动间隙的另一端之间插入一个长大的大尺寸粘着颗粒。这一事实意味着，材料的卡住是磨粒通过相互的物质转移和生长机制形成的过程之一。因此，很明显，抓住材料的一个强有力的对策是选择材料组合，因为只有所谓的轻微磨损，在摩擦过程中，即使润滑状态变得很差，也会显示出在大范围内很少观察到的粘着部分的相互转移和发光。结果表明，本文设计的卡瓦测试仪对评价轴承材料的抗卡死性能具有一定的实用价值。

A seizure-tester for bearing materials was newly designed. A rotating ho11ow cylinder is pressed and rubbed against a stational hollow cylinder, so that the seizure caught be occure between the contact interface of the two cylinders. The contact load is given through a coil spring with various compliance, then the upward moving resistance of upper cylinder specimen can be controlled. After the seizure tests for various bearing materials, it was understood that the seizure is a phenomenon in which the upper component of rubbing pair is lifted up with a grown big-sized adhered particle interposed between the rubbing interface to opposite end of sliding clearance. This fact means that the seizure of materials is one of the formation process of wear particles through mutual material transfer and growth mechanism. Accordingly, it becomes obvious that a strong countermeasure for seizure of materials is to select the material combination as only so-called mild wear, in which the mutual transfer and glowth of adhered partcles scarecely observed at a big scale, is revealed during rubbing, even if the lubrication state becomes poor. As a result, it is seen that the seizure tester designed here is useful to evaluate the antiseizure property of bearing materials.