MECHANISM AND STRUCTURE OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION AND APPRATUS FOR APPLICATION OF ITS MECHANISM TO ENERGY PRODUCING BIOMEMBRANE

生物膜在生命的许多重要过程中起着重要的作用，尤其是能量的产生和信息的传递。在本项目中，我们研究了光合作用中的能量转换过程，意图将其机制应用于半合成人工太阳能转换的构建。光合生物将光能转化为化学能的途径是：(1)在天线络合物中捕获光能转化为激发能，(2)在反应中心和电子转移络合物中将激发能转化为电化学能，(3)在ATP酶中产生化学能ATP （adenosine triphosphate）。从叶绿体天线和膜天线两方面阐明了天线的光捕获机理。首次确定了一种新型亲热光合细菌反应中心的初级结构。通过电学和光谱学的方法，阐明了影响反应中心电子转移能力的精细结构。用磁性圆二色性方法对天线膜和光合膜的色素组织进行了研究。对含有天线、反应中心、电子转移蛋白和ATP酶的光合膜载体（染色质）的大小分布和光磷酸化活性进行了研究。

Bio-membranes play key roles in many vital processes in life, especially energy production, and information transfer. In this project we have investigate the energy conversion processes in photosynthesis with an intention to apply its mechanism for construction of semi-synthetic artificial solar energy conversion. Photosynthetic living convert light energy to chemical energy by (1) capturing light energy and conversing it to excitation energy in antenna complex, (2) changing the excitation energy to electro-chemical energy in reaction center and electron transfer complexes, and (3) making the chemical energy ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate) in ATP ase. We have clarified the light capturing mechanism of antenna both on chlorosome and membrane antenna. The primary structures of the reaction center for a novel thermo-philic photosynthetic bacteria have been determined for the first time. The fine structures which modulate the electron transfer ability of reaction center have been clarified by electric and spectroscopic methods. Organization of pigments have been elucidated by magnetic circular dichroism methods for the antenna and photosynthetic membranes. Photosynthetic membrane vehicles (chromatophore) which contain antenna, reaction exenter, electron transfer protein and ATP ase have been studied with respect to its size distribution and photo-phosphorylation activity.