The application of the reproductive engineering to study the genetic effect and maternal one on the occurrence of a spontaneous cleft lip and palate in CL/Fr mouse fetuses

通过胚胎移植实验，研究胎鼠体重、母鼠品系、母鼠体重和窝仔数对CL/Fr小鼠胎鼠宫内颅面形态发生的影响。在妊娠第18天，对接受CL/Fr小鼠胚胎的每只妊娠母鼠进行剖腹手术，以取出在唇腭裂（CLP）易感CL/Fr品系母鼠和CLP耐药C57 BL品系母鼠子宫内发育的转移胎仔。随后对每只胎仔的颅面形态进行头影测量观察。根据多元回归分析，受累胎儿体重、母畜体重和窝仔数对受累CL/Fr胎儿上颌大小的标准化偏回归系数分别为0.71（P<0.01）、0.03和-0.07。根据最小二乘方差分析，母体应变效应以及受累胎儿体重对受累胎儿上颌骨大小和颅骨大小的影响 ...更多信息 tuses是显著的（颅大小P= 0.01，上颌大小P= 0.05）和接近显著水平（P= 0.09）的下颌骨大小的受影响的胎儿。在统计学上消除CL/Fr母鼠品系中发育的受累胎仔体重、母鼠体重和窝仔数对每个原始颅面大小的影响后，调整后的上颌大小和颅骨大小也显著小于C57 BL母鼠品系中发育的受累胎仔。目前的结果表明，CL/Fr小鼠胎仔的颅面生长与CLP影响的胎儿体重成比例增加。此外，因此，当检查自发性CLP的病因时，除了受影响的胎儿体重的影响外，不能忽略母体品系的影响，而CL/Fr品系母体提供的子宫环境阻碍了受影响胎儿的宫内颅面生长。因此，可以得出结论，母体品系效应以及受影响胎仔体重的效应均对在两种品系母体中发育的受影响胎仔CL/Fr品系的颅面形态发生起重要作用。少

Embryo transfer experiments were performed to determine the effect of the fetus weight, dam strain, dam weight and litter size on the intrauterine craniofacial morphogenesis of CL/Fr mouse fetuses. On the 18th gestational day, each pregnant dam that had received CL/Fr mouse embryos was laparotomized to remove the transferred fetuses that had developed in the uteri of the cleft lip and palate (CLP)-susceptible CL/Fr strain dam and the CLP-resistant C57BL strain dam. A cephalometric observation of the craniofacial morphology of each fetus was subsequently performed. Based on a multiple regression analysis, the standardized partial regression coefficients of the affected fetus weight, the dam weight and the litter size on the maxillary size of the affected CL/Fr fetus were 0.71 (P<.01), 0.03 and -0.07. According to a least-squares analysis of variance, the dam strain effect in addition to the effect of the affected fetus weight on the maxillary size and the cranial size of the affected fe … More tuses was significant (P=.01 for cranial size, P=.05 for maxillary size) and close to a significant level (P=.09) for the mandibular size of the affected fetuses. The adjusted maxillary size and cranial size after statistically eliminating the effects of the affected fetus weight, dam weight and the litter size on each original craniofacial size of the affected fetuses that had developed in the CL/Fr dam strain were also significantly smaller than those of the affected fetuses that had developed in the C57BL dam strain. The present results indicated that the craniofacial growth of the CL/Fr mouse fetus affected with CLP increased in proportion to the fetus weight. In addition, the dam strain effect, in addition to the effect of the affected fetus weight, could thus not be ignored when the etiology of the spontaneous CLP was examined, while the uterine environment, provided by the CL/Fr strain dam, retarded the intrauterine craniofacial growth of the affected fetuses. It was therefore concluded that the dam strain effect as well as the effect of the affected fetus weight thus both play an important role on the craniofacial morphogenesis of the CL/Fr strain of the affected fetuses that developed in both strain dams. Less