Development of flow-through chemical sensors for process control

本计画的目的是发展一种电位式与一种分光光度式感测系统，以应用于化工过程控制。该传感器系统是基于与pH、金属和氧化还原电位缓冲溶液的反应的用于pH、金属离子和氧化还原物种传感器的流通型传感器。以下是该项目的结果摘要。(1)电位型传感器利用聚丙烯酸或聚乙烯亚胺配制的pH缓冲溶液、透析装置和流通式pH玻璃电极检测器，设计了一种测定酸碱的流动系统。发现检测器对酸和碱的灵敏度取决于聚电解质的浓度和注入流动系统的样品体积。浓盐酸和氢氧化钠溶液高达约10 M，可以成功地确定由开发的传感器系统。利用铜离子发生器设计了测定重金属离子的流动系统 ...更多信息 由聚丙烯酸或聚乙烯亚胺与铜（II）配制的离子缓冲溶液、透析单元和流通式铜（II）离子选择电极检测器。该传感器对锌、镍、钴、铅等多种金属离子有良好的响应。通过使用Fe（II）和Fe（III）形式的聚苯乙烯磺酸溶液作为氧化还原电极的内溶液来开发流通型氧化还原电极。用透析膜覆盖内部溶液。内电极的电势变化是待测定的氧化还原物质浓度的量度。该传感器成功地测定了过氧化氢和抗坏血酸。(2)分光光度传感器设计了一个流动系统，用于测定酸、碱和金属离子，该系统使用pH缓冲溶液和填充有固定有pH指示剂荧光素的可控孔玻璃珠的流通池。发现荧光强度与盐酸和氢氧化钠的浓度成正比。本文设计了一种测定Mg^<2+>和La^<3+>的流动体系，该体系采用NTA溶液或EDTA溶液，并与钙镁石或偶氮胂Ⅲ固定的管式阴离子交换膜制成流通池，同时制备了钙镁石固定在增塑聚氯乙烯膜上的流通池。来自流动池的检测器信号与Mg^<2+>和La^<3+>的浓度成正比，并且响应是可逆的。少

The purpose of this project is to develop a potentiometric- and a spectrophotometric sensor systems for process control of chemical industry. The sensor system is flow-though type sensors for pH,metal ions and redox species sensor based on the reaction with a pH,metal and redox potential buffer solution. Followings are the summary of results of this project.(1) Potentiometric sensorsA flow system for determination of acids and bases was designed by using a pH buffer solution prepared from polyacrylic acid or polyethyleneimine, a dialysis unit and a flow-through type pH glass electrode detector. The sensitivity of the detector to acids and bases was found to depend on the concentration of polyelectrolytes and a sample volume injected into the flow system. Concentrated hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution up to about 10 M could be successfully determined by the developed sensor system. A flow system for determination of heavy metal ions was also designed by using a cupper (II) … More ion buffer solution prepared by polyacrylic acid or polyethyleneimne and cupper (II), the dialysis unit and a flow-through thpe cupper (II) ion selective electrode detector. The sensor was found to respond to many metal ions such as zinc, nickel, cobalt and lead ions. A flow-through-type redox electrode was developed by using an Fe (II) and Fe (III) form polystirenesuflonic acid solution as an inner solution of a redox electrode. The inner solution was covered with a dialysis membrane. The potential change of the inner electrode is the measure of the concentration of redox species to be determined. Hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid were successfully determined by the developed sensor.(2) Spectrophotometric sensorsA flow system for determination of acids, bases and metal ions was designed by using a pH buffer solution and a flow-through cell packed with controlled pored glass beads immobilized with a pH indicator, fluorescein. Fluorescence intensity was found to be proportional to the concentration of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. A flow system for determination of Mg^<2+> and La^<3+> was designed by using a NTA solution or EDTA solution and a flow-through cell prepared by a tubular type anion exchange membrane immobilized with Calmagite or ArsenazoIII.A flow through cell immobilized Calmagite in to plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) membrane was also prepared. The detector signal from the flow cell was proportional to the concentration of Mg^<2+> and La^<3+> and the response was reversible. Less