Mental computational process.

本研究从认识论、哲学和历史背景的角度对心理学进行了三个实验，以阐明一般符号操作的计算过程。象征主义的基本假设如下：1. 心灵是一个物理符号处理系统，因此它属于物理空间。2. 符号的处理和操作被简化为基本规则、句法或语法，这些规则将符号逻辑地组合在一起，这意味着计算。3. 语法规则描述了现实世界中的所有事件，没有经验或直接的感官数据。这种符号处理是由机器（自动机）实现的，今天的计算机在智力上的行为就像人类的思想，所以它被称为人工智能（AI）。另一方面，真正的大脑本身的功能是用一个正式的神经网络来模拟的，这个神经网络是由正式的细胞相互连接而成的。基于神经科学，我们知道这个网络作为一个模式转换处理器，改变了相关细胞的内部兴奋和抑制状态。在此基础上，本研究进行了三个实验，首先证实了一位数数字相加时的奇偶效应，其次分析了日语隐喻描述的心理语义状态，最后阐明了心理表征印象空间的数学结构。

This research was conducted to clarify the computational process in the mind, that means in general symbol maniplation, from the viewpoints of the epistemological, philosophical and historical background to the science of the mind and tried three experiments. Basic assumtions underlying symbolism are as follows ; 1. The mind is a physical symbol processing system, so that it belongs to physical space. 2. The symbol processing and manipulation is reduced to basic rules, syantactics or grammar, which combines symbols logically, that means computation. 3. The syntactic rules depict all of events in the real world without experience or direct sensory data. This symbol processing is realized by machine (automaton), the computer today which behaves intellectually like a human mind, so that it called an artificial intelligence (AI). On the other hand, the function of the real brain itself is simulated with a formal neural network which is constructed with formal cells connected each other their synapses. It is known based on neuroscience that this network as a pattern transformation processor changing states of inner excitation and inhibition of related cells. Based on these theoretical discussions three experiments were conducted to confirm at first an odd-even effect when adding one-digit numbers, and second to analyze a mental semantic states of metaphorical descriptions in Japanese, and finally to clarify the mathematical structure of mental representational, impression space.