Occupational Career and Life Style

受访者是1908年至1927年出生的人。本研究的目的在于掌握职业生涯对他们生活方式和社会关系的影响特点。我想思考人生和事业的意义。我也认为比较男女的生活方式很重要。我将在这里展示三点作为我的发现。(1)我专注于家庭主妇的理论问题。家庭主妇作为一种生活方式在20世纪70年代的日本似乎成为主流。但我们的数据显示，家庭主妇有时在家或在外面做兼职工作。这是家庭主妇作为一种女性生活方式从二战前的资产阶级向战后的日本工人阶级扩散的现象。在我们的案例中，没有工作的家庭主妇不仅出现在白色领家庭，而且也出现在蓝领家庭。这是因为蓝领工人有时在大企业中工作工资很高。(2)男子为同一家公司工作了很长时间，或者在整个职业生涯中一直从事同样的工作。有些人退休后继续与同事或同事聚会并保持友好关系。甚至他们的家庭主妇有时也跟着他们的方式。(3)与男子相比，更多的妇女拥有作为人力资源帮助她们的关键人员。与此同时，更多的女性拥有广泛的熟人圈。这说明了一个事实，即更多的妇女往往失去了他们的配偶，并需要重新组织一个社会网络，为他们的新生活阶段。

The respondents are people who were born between 1908 and 1927. My aim was to grasp the characteristics of their life styles and social relationships which are affected by occupational careers. I would like to consider the meaning of life and careers. I also think it important to compare women's life styles with men's. I will show three points as my findings here.(1) I focused on the theoretical problems of housewives. The housewife as one kind of life style seemed to make the mainstream in the 1970's in Japan. But our data show housewives sometimes did part-time jobs at home or outside. This was a phenomenon whereby housewives, as one kind of women's life styles, spread from the bourgeoisie before the second world war to the working class in postwar Japan. Housewives who did not have jobs are found not only in white collar families, but also in blue collar ones in our cases. This is because blue collar workers sometimes worked for high wages in big business.(2) Men had worked for the same company for a long time or had continued the same jobs throughout their working lives. Some people continued to get together with and maintain friendly relations with colleages or co-workers after retirement. Even their housewives sometimes followed their ways.(3) More women have key persons who help them as human resources in comparison with men. At the same time, more women have a wide circle of acquaintances. This explains a fact that more women are apt to lost their spouses and need to reorganize a social network for their new life stage.