Kings and Princes in Medieval France : Comparative Analysis of Administrative Systems

不少研究法国历史的学者认为，中世纪是公共扑克逐渐解体和重新建立的时期。根据他们的理解，10世纪和11世纪是加洛林帝国公共权力(即皇家权力)解体的时代，12世纪和13世纪是加洛林帝国重建的时代。然而，实际上，公共权力的解体和整合的程度存在很大的地区差异。的确，在一些地区，强大的领土力量几乎完全丧失，但在其他地区，它仍然强大。在一些地区，政治瓦解和融合交替发生。法国在公共权力的程度上没有简单的线性历史。它在这一时期有更复杂的运动。我研究了在罗马时期和14世纪之间各种政治框架是如何出现和消失的。我现在确信，在10世纪、11世纪和12世纪的法国，存在着不同层次的各种地缘政治框架，这可能会形成一个国家，即王国、公爵领地、县和城堡。其中一个起到了国家的作用。这一时期是高度流动性的时代，在这个时代，县、城邦等很容易成为国家式的政体。

Not a few scholars of French history have regarded the Middle Ages as the period in which public poker disintegrated and reestablished gradually. According to their understanding the tenth and eleventh centuries are the age of disintegration of public (i.e.royal) power of the Carolingian Empire and the twelfth and thirteenth centuries are that of its re-establishment.In fact, however, there are great regional variations in the degree of disintegration and integration of public power. It is true that strong territorial power was almost completely lost in some areas, but it remained strong in other areas. In some areas political disintegration and integration took turns. France did not have a simple linear history in the degree of public power. It had more complicated movements in this period.I have examined how various political frameworks appeared and disappeared between the Roman period and the fourteenth century. I am now convinced that in the 10th, 11th and 12th century France, there co-existed various geopolitical frameworks of different levels, which could become a state, that is, the kingdom, duchies, counties, and castellanies. One of them functioned as a state. This period was the age of high fluidity, in which counties, castellanies, etc. could easily become a state-like polity.