Diachronic and Syncronic Studies on the Interface between Syntactic and Semantic Structures of German

在这项科学研究的帮助下，我们购买了一台光学字符阅读器（OCR），这是专为德国研究人员设计的。该软件能够有效地阅读和识别诸如“Fraktur”等旧德语字体。东京都立大学（Tokyo Metropolitan University）致力于将《伦纳》（Der Renner）中的所有文本作为语料库进行机器可读。这项工作不仅需要一个好的扫描仪和OCR，但很多人力postedit所有的文本存储在计算机中。因此，整个文本的“德伦纳”达到了一个水平上，一个合理的质量一致，可以作出。1998年秋，在东京大学（本乡）召开了会议，部分成员就项目进展情况作了报告。除语法理论研究者外，认知语言学、历史语言学和语料库语言学也为该项目做出了贡献，并讨论了进一步研究合作的各种可能性。我们得出的结论是，无论是从历时还是共时的语言学研究来看，句法结构和语义结构之间都应该存在一个界面，只有通过使用计算处理才能取得丰硕的成果。H. Nakagawa的报告（东京首都大学）在处理语法结构方面特别值得注意，这些语法结构涉及到我们迄今为止收集的语料库。M.Shigeto（东京大学）对德语和日语的运动动词进行了对比研究，而K.Koda（东京大学）对德语和日语书信中言语行为和情态之间的相互关系进行了广泛的研究。我们的项目报告还包括语义和句法结构，词汇意义和构词法，历时研究，特别是参考一致性，动词意义的描述基于当前的语法理论和德语词序分析语料库语言学的框架。

With the aid of this scientific research, we purchased a Optical Character Reader (OCR), which is especially designed for German researchers. This software enables to read and recognize efficiently such old german fonts as "Fraktur". Y.Hosaka (Tokyo Metropolitan University) was engaged in making all of the texts in "Der Renner" machine-readable as a corpus. This work required not only a good scanner and OCR, but much man-power to postedit all of the texts stored in the computer. As a result, the whole text of "Der Renner" reached a level on which a reasonable quality of concordance can be made. In the fall of 1998, we held a conference at the University of Tokyo (Hongo), where some of our members made reports on the progress of this project. Besides researchers engaged in grammatical theories, cognitive, historical and corpus linguistics made their own contributions to this project and discussed various possibilities of further research cooperations. We came to the conclusion that there should be an interface between syntactic and semantic structures both in view of diachronic and synchronic linguistic studies, which could only be made fruitful by using computational processing. H. Nakagawa's report (Tokyo Metropolitan University) was particularly noteworthy in dealing grammatical constructions referring to corpora we had gathered so far. M.Shigeto (University of Tokyo) made contrastive studies on German and Japanese movement verbs, while K.Koda (University of Tokyo) made an extensive research on interrelations between speech acts and modality in letters written in German and in Japanese. Our project report also includes results of such researches as semantic and syntactic structures, lexical meaning and word formation, diachronic studies with special reference to concordance, descriptions of verb meaning based on current grammatical theories and analysis of German word order with the framework of corpus linguistics.