Development of high-functional fibers and the application to clothing materials

通过超拉伸聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）干凝胶膜制备了高模量和高强纤维。以稀溶液为原料，通过凝胶/结晶法制备凝胶，然后在常温条件下蒸发溶剂。在扫描电镜下，膜内组织呈蜂窝状结构，类似于连续组织的spinodal分解特征。随着淬火温度的降低，蜂窝状结构的孔洞尺寸变小。由于热力学不稳定性，从液液相分离的角度讨论了凝胶化机理。相比之下，还没有报道同时双轴拉伸凝胶。PE的干凝胶膜可以扩展到9 × 9，但杨氏模量不能大幅度提高。分子取向与薄膜表面平行。对于PVA，含有大量溶剂的凝胶具有较强的韧性，其力学性能在单轴和双轴拉伸中表现出橡胶弹性。这意味着橡胶的弹性归因于作为交联点的晶体的形成。顺便提一下，在测量中，溶剂的蒸发很少。

High modulus and high strength fibers have been prepared by ultradrawing of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and poly (vinylalcohol) (PVA) dry gel films. Gels were prepared by gelation/crystallization from dilute solutions and then solvents were evaporated under ambient conditions. Under SEM,the tissue within the film showed honeycomb-like structure similar to continuous tissue characterizing spinodal decomposition. The hole size of the honeycomb-like structure became smaller as the quenching temperature decreased. The gelation mechanism was discussed in terms of liquid-liquid phase separation due to thermodynamicic instability. In contrast, there has been no reports for simultaneous biaxial stretching of gels. The dry gel films of PE could be elognated up to 9 X 9 but the drastic improvement of Young's modulus could not be realized. Molecules were oriented parallel to the film surface. For PVA,the gels containing a lot of solvents were tough and the the mechanical property showed rubber elasticity in uniaxial and biaxial streching. This means that rubber elasticity is attributed to the formation of crystallites as cross-linking points. Incidentally, for the measurements, the evaporation of solvents was very few.