The Possibility and the Necessity of the phenomenological point of view in the Philosophy of Technology

本研究的目的是：首先，揭示技术哲学现象学观点在审视技术哲学史上的重要意义，其次，为发展现象学技术哲学提供一些启示。“科学与技术”和“技术与社会”是技术哲学的主要问题。技术通常被认为是某种法律或规则的知识的应用。但是，按照康德的观点，知识和技术之间的关系可以被看作是相反的，因为一般的知识只有在概念应用于经验的“艺术”（艺术或技术）的基础上才是可能的。本文从这一观点出发，探讨了技术作为知识基础的可能性，并结合认知科学中有关认知理论的讨论，对这一命题进行了拓展。从这些研究中，我们提出了这样一个论点，即技术应被视为一种知识环境。通过对近代科学发生过程的考察，进一步具体化为技术是科学的环境这一命题。最后，我们讨论了技术与社会的关系。通过对技术决定论与社会建构论的分歧的批判性思考，提出了“技术与社会的双面论”，以及技术解释学的必要性。

The purpose of this research is firstly to show the significance of the phenomenological point of view in the philosophy of technology in surveying the history of the philosophy of technology, and secondly to get some indications for developing the phenomenological philosophy of technology.In this research we treat with the problems of 'technology and knowledge', 'science and technology' and 'technology and society' as main problems of philosoph of technology. Normally technology is considered as application of a knowledge of a certain law or rule. But according to Kant the relationship between knowledge and technology could be regarded rather conversely, for knowledge in general is only possible on the ground of 'Kunst' (art or technics) of application of concepts to experiences. From this view point ** have discussed the possibility of the thesis that technology could be regarded as the Dasis of knowledge, and developed this thesis through the consideration of the recent discussions concerning the cognitive theories in the cognitive science. From these studies we propose the thesis that technology is to be regarded as a kind of environment of knowledge. This thesis was concretized further to the thesis that technology is the environment of science through the studies of the process of the genesis of modern science. And lastly we treat the relationship between technology and society. Through the critical consideration of the discrepancy between technological determinism and social constructionism, we propose the 'double aspect theory of technology and society', and the necessity of the hermeneutics of technology.