Ovidianism in the English Renaissance

奥维德对16世纪八九十年代英国文学的影响是显著的。奥维德的诗歌被翻译成多种语言出版，大量的史诗或奥维德式的短史诗被创作出来，奥维德式的意象被频繁地运用在埃克塞特戏剧的诗歌语言中。这个研究项目的目的是找到一个可能的答案是什么奥维德主义意味着莎士比亚的诗人和剧作家，特别是克里斯托弗马洛（1564-93）和威廉莎士比亚（1564-1616）的问题。首席研究员的论文“翻译古典文学-马洛的所有奥维德挽歌等”。（Japanese）（1997）认为，马洛通过将奥维德的爱情诗《爱情》翻译成英语的经验，确立了英语诗歌的形式和修辞。第二篇论文《黎明与英雄的脸红：奥维德主义作为一种悲剧的宇宙学》（日文）（1998年）和第三篇论文《朱庇特的苍穹和这美丽而愉快的绿色：马洛的神话宇宙》（日文）（1999年）认为马洛和年轻的莎士比亚从奥维德的挽歌和史诗中改编了一些意象，形成了他们的神话宇宙意象。他们的戏剧条件与古典希腊悲剧有很大的不同，他们似乎试图通过使用异教神话中的一些诗意意象来创造自己的想象戏剧空间。奥维德以其对不负责任的神的色情和异教神话、叙事艺术和妙趣横生的修辞而著称。可以得出结论，马洛和他的一些同时代诗人发现，当他们想给他们的新思想和新感受以自由和纯粹的艺术表达时，奥维德的修辞和诗歌意象在战略上是有用的。因此，奥维德主义是一种暂时的现象，是戏剧家们努力从政府和宗教中独立出来时看到的。

The influence of Ovid on the English literature was conspicuous in 1580s and 1590s. Several translations of Ovid's poems were published, a lot of epyllia or Ovidian short epics were written, and Ovidian imagery was frequently used in the poetic language of Elizabethan theatre. The aim of this research project has been to find a possible answer to the question of what Ovidianism meant to Elizabethan poets and playwrights-especially Christopher Marlowe (1564-93) and William Shakespeare (1564-1616). The head investigator's essay "Translating Classical Literature-Marlowe's All Ovids Elegies, etc." (Japanese) (1997) argues that Marlowe came to establish English verse form and rhetoric through his experience of translating Ovid's love poems Amores into English. The second essay "Dawn and Hero's Blush : Ovidianism as a Tragic Cosmology" (Japanese) (1998) and the third essay "Jove's High Firmament and This Fair and Pleasant Green : Marlowe's Theatrical Cosmos" (Japanese) (1999) argue that Marlowe and young Shakespeare formed their images of threatrical cosmos adapting some images from Ovid's elegiac and epic poems. The conditions of their theater were quite different from those of classical Greek tragedy, and it seems that they tried to create an imaginary dramatic space of their own by using some poetic imagery of pagan mythology. Ovid was distinguished for his erotic and pagan mythology of irresponsible gods, for his narrative art and for his playfully fine rhetoric, It can be concluded that Marlowe and some of his contemporary poets discovered that Ovid's rhetoric and poetic imagery were strategically useful when they wanted to give free and purely artistic expression to their new thought and sensibility. Thus Ovidianism was a temporary phenomenon that was seen while dramatists were striving to get independent from the government and religion.