Induction of autoimmune sensori neural heaving loss

1.MRL/1pr小鼠在20周龄时表现为自身免疫性感音神经性听力损失（SHL）并伴有耳蜗病理。我们研究了注射MRL/1pr淋巴细胞（脾细胞）或骨髓细胞对严重联合免疫缺陷（SCID）小鼠SHL发展的影响，这些小鼠最初既不发生SHL也不发生耳蜗病理。SCID小鼠注射来自MRL/1pr小鼠的这些细胞。流式细胞术分析显示，注射后20周小鼠供体细胞淋巴细胞增殖。在注射供体细胞的SCID小鼠中观察到自身免疫性SHL和耳蜗病理。这些结果提示SHL的发生和耳蜗病理与供体小鼠骨髓细胞和淋巴细胞或来源于骨髓细胞的缺陷有关，而与宿主耳蜗无关。用钙敏感染料Fura-2测定细胞内游离钙离子（[Ca^<2+>] i）浓度的动态变化，观察组胺对豚鼠离体前庭毛细胞的影响。我们证明了前庭毛细胞中组胺诱导的反应是由H1、H2和H3受体介导的，并且由于Ca^<2+>从细胞外空间流入和细胞内储存的释放，导致[Ca^<2+>]i升高。这些数据提示，在内耳免疫病理条件下，分布于内淋巴囊的肥大细胞释放的组胺可能通过位于前庭毛细胞膜上的受体起作用，调节前庭神经-毛细胞传入系统的细胞功能和信号转导。我们在豚鼠壶腹嵴暗细胞区上皮和毛细血管基底膜上获得了阴离子位点。采用阳离子示踪剂聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）浸渍法。电镜下，PEI颗粒沿基膜呈两层排列。使用速尿时，血管纹和暗细胞发生改变，病理表现为间质水肿，PEI颗粒数量减少。提示PEI颗粒反映了基底膜中电荷势垒的不同情况，影响了内耳液的产生或吸收。少

1.The MRL/1pr mouse manifests autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (SHL) with cochlea pathology at 20 weeks of age. We examine the effects of injecting MRL/1pr lymphocytes (splenocytes) or bone marrow cells on the development of SHL in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice, which originally develop neither SHL nor cochlea pathology. SCID mice were injected with these cells from MRL/1pr mice. Flow cytometric analyzes indicated the proliferation of the lymphocytes from injected donor cells in the mice 20 weeks after injection. Autoimmune SHL and cochlea pathology were observed in the host SCID mice injected donor cells. These findings suggest that the development of SHL and cochlea pathology attribute to the defects of bone marrow cells of donor mice and lymphocytes or derived from the bone marrow cells, but not of host cochlea.2.The effect of histamine in the guinea pig isolated vestibular hair cells were examined by measuring the dynamic change of intracellular free calcium ion … More ([Ca^<2+>] i) concentration using calcium sensitive dye Fura-2. We demonstrated that the histamine-induced response in the vestibular hair cells are mediated by H1, H2 and H3 receptors and resulted in a rise of [Ca^<2+>]i due to an influx of Ca^<2+> from the extracellular space and a release from intracellular stores. These data suggest that under immune-pathological conditions of the inner ear, histamine released from the mast cells distributed in the endolymphatic sac may act through receptors located on the vestibular hair cells membrane and may regulate the cell function and the signal transduction in the vestibular nerve-hair cell afferent system.3.We obtained anionic sites in the epithelial and capillary basement membranes in the dark cell area of the crista ampullaris in the guinea pig. The immersion method with cationic tracer polyethyleneimine (PEI) was applied. Electromicroscopically, the arrangement of PEI particles was observed as two strata along the basement membrane. When using furosemide, stria vascularis and the dark cells had changed with pathological findings of interstitial edema and PEI particles reduced in number. It is suggested that the PEI particles reflect different conditions of charge barrier in the basement membrane, with influences the production or absorption on the inner ear fluid. Less