STUDY OF LEXICAL SEMANTICS BASED ON X'-SEMANTICS

1.本文讨论的是动词的语义与其补语选择的相关性问题，即能否根据动词的实体语义来预测动词可以选择何种类型的补语，并找出补语类动词的语义与补语类型之间的密切关系。我还提供了一个语义说明的差异和相似性的事实和半事实谓词。有些动词带补语句要求其补语句的形式为V-NP-to-VP，根据一定的标准，可以将其分为三类：希望类动词、劝说类动词和相信类动词。然而，如果这些标准适用于像allow、permit、force、order等动词，得到了相互矛盾的结果。然而，如果将这些动词归类为ECM类动词，如believe和a certain rule of inference，这些问题就迎刃而解了.与GB语法不同，最简语法的构造方式是只生成合乎语法的句子。这个想法产生了强有力的论点，即计算组件在推导的每一步都不会出错。为了实现这一论点，早期原则的主张，许可应尽可能早地进行。由于强命题不允许运动的误用，因此应该从计算组件中删除诸如邻接条件和CED之类的运动的传统条件。那些声称被这些孤岛条件排除的不合语法的句子，只是不可推理的句子。如果存在孤岛效应的话，应该从感知策略、语用原则、语义或语音原则来解释。

1. I argue about the problem concerning the correlation between meanings of verbs and their complement sentence selection, that is, whether we can predict, on the basis of the substantive semantics of verbs, what type of complement sentence they can select, and find out the close correlation between the semantics of complement sentence-taking verbs and the types of complement sentences. I also provide a semantic account of the differences and similarities of factive and semi-factive predicates.2. Some verbs taking complement sentences require their complement sentence to be of the form V-NP-to-VP.They can be classified into three types, want-type verbs, persuade-type verbs, and believe-type verbs, in terms of certain criteria. However, if these criteria are applied to verbs like allow, permit, force, order, etc., conflicting results are obtained. However, these problems are solved if these verbs are classified as ECM type verbs like believe and a certain rule of inference.3. Minimalist grammars, unlike GB grammars, are so constructed as to generate only grammatical sentences. This idea gives birth to the strong thesis that the computational component makes no errors in every step of derivation. To implement this thesis the Earliness Principle is proposed that claims that licensing should be done as early as possible. Since the strong thesis allows no misapplication of movements, traditional conditions on movements like the Subjacency Condition and CED should be eliminated from the computational component. Ungrammatical sentences that are claimed to have been ruled out by these island conditions are just underivable sentences. And island effects, if any, should be accounted for by perceptual strategies, pragmatic principles, or semantic or phonological principles.