A Study on the Vocational Ability Development and Technicians' Education in the Automobile and Electrical Industries

（1）自1980年以来，在日本的汽车、电气等主导产业中，机械制造技术创新的进步对制造企业的影响很大。由于制造设备的机械化，制造过程的连续性，我们客观上拥有维修工作的经验技能，并且我们有可能学习知识。即用维修工作的经验技能代替科学技术知识。（2）培养新型劳动力即技术人员是当今社会的需要。在汽车和电气工业企业内建立了职业培训学院，并开设了与微电子技术有关的培训课程，如机械电子学，电子机械，信息技术。企业内部职业培训学院的毕业生不仅被安排从事操作性职业，而且还被安排从事维修性职业、生产技术领域等对科学知识和智力技能要求较高的职业。（3）由此可见，扩大脱产培训澄清了企业内部培训的界限，对公共职业培训的角色和作用产生了诸多影响。理工学院的毕业生在工作场所从事的不是非技术性的工作，而是制图、研发、生产控制、过程控制。理工学院中心有许多课程，涉及新员工的内部培训，升级培训，技能资格，技能培训课程，并在中小型企业中进行培训。

(1)Since 1980, in the leading industry such as automobile, electrical industry of Japan, progress of ME technological innovation have a great influence on manufacturing plant. On account of mechanization of manufacturing equipment, continuity of manufacturing process, we have objectively experiential skill of maintenance work and we have possibility to learn as knowledge. Namely, we substitute experiential skill of maintenance work for scientific technical knowledge.(2)Nowadays, we have social needs to train new type labor force as technician. The vocational training college within enterprise in automobile and electrical industry were established, and have training course in relation to micro-electronics based technology, such as mecha-tronics, electronic-machinery, information technology. Graduates of vocational training college within enterprise merely are arranged not only operated occupation but also maintenance occupation, production technology area which were demanded scientific knowledge and intellectual skills.(3)Thus, a expansion of off the job training has clarified a limit of training within enterprise, and have many influence on role and function public vocational training. Graduate of polytechnic college are not occupied unskilled work in the workplace but drafting, research and development, production control, process control. Polytechnic center have many course in relation to in-house training for new employees, upgrading training, qualification of skill, skill training course, and are articulated training in small and medium enterprises.