Algogenic auction of melittin ; bee venom

蜜蜂毒液会产生疼痛和伴随的炎症。蜂毒中含有多种生理活性物质，如阿帕明、蜂毒素等。本研究的目的是调查蜂毒素是否可以用于研究人类和大鼠的疼痛。皮内蜂毒素进入健康人的前臂时，会产生剧烈的疼痛和随后的皮肤温度升高，由温度计监测。局部应用利多卡因可抑制体温升高。将带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)患者分为2组。在痛觉过敏组，真皮内蜂毒素进入PHN皮肤产生明显的疼痛，尽管没有正常皮肤那么明显。蜂毒素引起的PHN皮肤温度升高低于正常皮肤。在无痛觉过敏组，PHN皮肤皮内注射蜂毒素引起的疼痛很少，也没有引起任何明显的体温升高。这些数据表明…患者C纤维减少更像是PHN的皮肤。蜂毒素试验可以用来评估PHN中C纤维的损害。皮内蜂毒素进入前臂后立即降低了两个手掌的皮肤温度，然后上升到远高于注射前的对照水平。最初减少的持续时间与疼痛感觉的持续时间相当。最初的下降被解释为交感血管收缩反射，而后者的增加被解释为伤害性刺激引起的交感血管运动活动的抑制。皮下蜂毒可引起类似的皮肤温度升高，但阿帕明没有。蜂毒素注射到L4或L5背根神经节或坐骨神经中会增加皮肤温度。这些数据表明蜂毒素是致过敏物质，蜂毒素引起的皮肤温度升高涉及神经发生机制，包括轴突反射和背根反射。较少

Honeybee venom produces pain and accompanying inflammation. Bee venom contains many physiologically active substances ; i.e. apamin, melittin and others. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether melittin can be used in the study of pain in humans and rats. Intradermal melittin into the forearm in healthy humans temporally produced a severe pain and a subsequent skin temperature increase monitored by thermograph. Topical application of lidocaine inhibited the temperature increase. Patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) were classified into 2 subgroups. In allodynia group, intradermal melittin into the PHN skin produced a significant pain, although less marked than in the normal skin. Melittin-induced temperature increase in the PHN skin was lower than in the normal skin. In non-allodynia group, intradermal melittin injection into the PHN skin produced little pain and did not elicit any significant temperature increase. These data suggest that C fibers are decreased in … More the PHN skin. This melittin test can be used to assess impairment of C fibers in PHN.The intradermal melittin into the forearm decreased the skin temperature of both palms immediately after the injection, and then increased well above the control level prior to the injection. The duration of the initial decrease was comparable to the duration of pain sensation. The initial decrease was interpreted as sympathetic vasoconstrictor reflex, and the later increase as inhibition of sympathetic vasomotor activity induced by noxious stimulation.Subcutaneous melittin into the hindpaw of pentobarbital-anesthetized rat induced a local skin temperature increase. Subcutaneous bee venom produced a comparable skin temperature increase, but apamin didn't. Melittin injected into the L4 or L5 dorsal root ganglion or sciatic nerve increased the skin temperature. These data suggest that melittin is the algogenic substance and that the melittin-induced skin temperature increase involves neurogenic mechanisms including axon reflexes and dorsal root reflexes. Less