COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE LOCAL PERCEPTION OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND LANDSCAPES AMONG PEOPLES OF SARA WAK

这项研究假定人类学研究将以具体和详细的方式揭示沙捞越土著文化社区对自然环境和景观认知的变化和不变的方面。这也将有助于从人文的角度研究社区发展，因为社区发展在很大程度上是由社会科学主导的。作为主要的人类学研究，研究小组的每个日本成员都选择了当地的一个或两个土著人口社区。田野调查领域的选择是根据每个成员过去的研究经验和当地语言知识(S)。由于每个日本成员都熟悉至少一种当地语言，因此顺利地采用了参与式观察和收集口头信息的常规人类学方法。就研究目标下的种族群体而言，特别是Uchibori的Iban、Tsugami的Kayan、Msuda的Kelabit、Okuno的Penan和Ishikawa的Kemana的马来人/华裔土著人民混居地区。此外，沙捞越博物馆前馆长彼得·凯迪特也对伊班城市社区进行了研究。我们的研究是由沙捞越发展研究所赞助的。

The research assumes that anthropological study would reveal in concrete and detailed fashions the changing as well as constant aspects of perception of natural environment and landscapes among indigenous cultural communities in Sarawak. This would also contribute from the angle of humanities to the study of community development, which has been largely dominated by social sciences.As mainly anthropological research, each Japanese member of the research team selected one or two local communities of indigenous population. The selection of fieldwork areas was made according to each member's past research experience and knowledge of local language(s). As each Japanese member is familiar to at least one locally spoken language, usual anthropological method of participatory observation and of collection of oral information was smoothly carried out. In terms of ethnic groupings under the research objectives, the selections were specifically the Iban by Uchibori, the Kayan by Tsugami, -the Kelabit by Msuda, the Penan by Okuno and the Malay/Chinese-Indigenous peoples' mixed area in the Kemana by Ishikawa. Also urban Iban communities were studied by Peter Kedit, the former Director of Sarawak Museum.Our research was institutionally sponsored by Sarawak Development Institute.