Effects of oocyte activation factors derived from spermatozoa on the embryo development.

在受精过程中，精子进入触发了一系列对卵母细胞激活至关重要的细胞内钙振荡。这种激活是恢复和完成减数分裂、随后的原核形成和DNA合成的先决条件。胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)已被应用于人类不孕症的治疗。这项技术也可以用来确定各种精子成分在受精过程中的作用。虽然ICSI通常是治疗严重男性因素不育症的一种非常成功的治疗方法，但一些病例反复经历低ICSI受精率(&lt；50%)。可能的原因包括精子和/或卵母细胞缺陷导致的卵母细胞激活失败。以前的研究表明，注入圆形精子细胞的卵母细胞可以被钙离子载体A23187激活。不同的人工处理方法可以模拟精子触发的事件，并诱导MII卵母细胞的孤雌发育。这表明，额外的刺激有助于在不充分的条件下受精卵的发育。在考虑将卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)应用于濒危物种和不育症患者时，在许多情况下，只有不充足的配子才有望用于生殖。综上所述，我们的研究表明，卵母细胞激活因子在人工授精中起着非常重要的作用。

During fertilization, sperm entry triggers a series of intracellular calcium oscillations critical to oocyte activation. This activation is prerequisite to the resumption and completion of meiosis, subsequent pronuclear formation and DNA synthesis.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been applied to human infertility treatment. This technique could be also useful for determining the roles of various sperm components in fertilization. Although ICSI is usually a highly successful treatment for severe male factor infertility, some cases repeatedly experience low ICSI fertilization rates (<50%). Possible causes include failure of oocyte activation resulting from sperm and/or oocyte defects. Previous studies have shown that oocytes injected with round spermatids (Hosoi et al., 2000) can be activated by the calcium ionophore A23187.Various artificial treatments mimic sperm-triggered events and induce parthenogenetic development in MII oocytes. It suggests that additional stimulation helps development of fertilized eggs under insufficient condition. In considering the application of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for endangered species and infertility patients, in many cases only not adequate gametes are expected to be used for reproduction. In conclusion, our study showed that oocytes activation factors was very important for artificial fertilization.