MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR STUDIES ON THE FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION OF SPERM SPECIFIC PROTEIN AND ON THE CARNITINE-DEPENDENT SPERM MATURATION

I.精子特异蛋白acrin 1(MN7)、acrin 2(MC41)、acrin 3(MG101)、Equatorin(MN9)1)acrin 1(MN7)的功能表达：我们阐明了Gunea猪(Yoshinaga et 1,2000)和人类(oh-Oka et al.，2001)精子成熟过程中的组织和修饰：acrin 2(MC41)：我们阐明了1)在附性成熟过程中顶体内的重组(Yoshinaga等人，2001)和2)acrin 2参与顶体反应后与透明带的牢固结合(Tanii等人，2001)。3)acrin 3(MC101)：我们已经分析了acrin 3在顶体反应之后但在穿透透明带之前的过程中的功能(Saxena等人，2000)。4)Equatorin(MH9)：我们已经澄清了1)Equator in通过在顶体反应后转移到赤道段的质膜参与精子-卵子融合过程(Manandhar和Toshimori，2001)和2)Equatrin在体内条件下也起作用(Yoshinaga等人，2001年)。精子鞭毛蛋白MC31/CE9和basigin的功能表达和分子修饰1)我们已经阐明了1)MC31/GE9，通过原位杂交在基因水平上的表达(Wakayama等人，2000)，以及2)小鼠basigin参与了移位到前头部区域后与透明带的结合(Saxena等人，2002)。3)综述了免疫球蛋白超家族蛋白与受精的关系(Toshimori et al.，2000)。III.肉碱与精子成熟/不育(梗阻性无精子症)的关系我们制备了两种特异性抗血清(H_256和K_(266))，以此来蓄积肉碱转运体在睾丸、肾脏和胰腺中的表达。

I. Functional expression of sperm specific proteins, acrin 1 (MN7), acrin 2 (MC41), acrin 3 (MG101), equatorin (MN9)1) acrin 1 (MN7) : We clarified rganization and modification during sperm maturation in the gunea pig (Yoshinaga et1 al., 2000) and human (Oh-oka et al., 2001).2) acrin 2 (MC41) : We clarified 1) reorganization within the acrosome, during epididymal maturation (Yoshinaga et al., 2001) and 2) that acrin 2 involved in firm binding to zona pellucida after the acrosome reaction (Tanii et al., 2001)3) acrin 3 (MC101) : We have analyzed that acrin 3 is functionally involved in the process after the acrosome reaction but before penetration into the zona pellucida (Saxena et al., 2000).4) equatorin (MH9) : We have clarified 1) that equatorin is involved in sperm-egg fusion process by translocating to the plasma membrane at the equatorial segment after the acrosome reaction (Manandhar and Toshimori, 2001) and 2) that equatrorin also functions under in vivo condition (Yoshinaga et al., 2001).II. Functional expression and molecular modification of sperm flagellar proteins MC31/CE9 and basigin1) We have clarified 1) MC31/GE9, expression at gene level using in situ hybridization (Wakayama et al., 2000), and 2) mouse basigin is involved in binding to zona pellucida after translocating to the anterior head region (Saxena et al., 2002). 3) We have reviewed the relationship between immunoglobulin superfamily protein and fertilization (Toshimori et al., 2000).III. Relationship between carnitine and sperm maturation/infertility (obstructive azoospermia)We made two specific antisera (H256 and K266), by which we are accumulating the expression of carnitine transporter in the testis, kidney and pancreas.