Scaling up of the physiology^based response of cool-temperate forest ecosystems to disturbance and environmental change.

本项目旨在描述森林生态系统尺度对全球变化响应的整体机制。以寒温带落叶阔叶林为主要目标生态系统，采用基于野外观测的定量理论模型，从基于器官的生理过程扩展到个体生长和群落动态的整体过程。实验在不同的尺度上进行；如试验田开顶CO_2富集系统到森林生态系统施肥/采伐试验。在每个尺度上，对处理或干扰的生理反应都是物种特有的。我们描述了解释物种差异的差异反应级联。将叶片光合作用的生理模型扩展到包括氮限制。以白玉兰（Magnolia obovata）和冷杉（Abies）为模型树，进行了基于枝模的三维树木形成过程分析。我们提取了m.b ovvata的分支作用。短茎型侧枝普遍形成，通过模拟实验表明，其意义不是减少相互遮阳，而是由于光合生产的全面不足而减少同化物的利用。利用PipeTree生理模拟器模拟冷杉林分种群水平的发育。模拟结果表明，单梢特征需要通过水势变化随高度的变化而改变，从而观测到均匀年龄种群发展的现象。

This project aimed to describe the overall mechanism at forest ecosystem scale response to global change. Setting mixed cool-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forests as main target ecosystem, we scaled up from organ-based physiological processes to a whole individual growth and community dynamics used quantitative theoretical models based on field observation.Experiments were carried out at various scales ; e.g. open-top CO_2 enrichment systems on experimental field to fertilization/logging experiment on forest ecosystem. At every scale physiological response to treatment or disturbance was species specific. We described the differential response cascade explaining species difference. Physiology-based model of foliage photosynthesis was extended to include nitrogen-limitation.Shoot-module-based analysis of three-dimensional tree formation processes was carried out using Magnolia obovata and the genus Abies as model trees. We extracted branching role of M.obovata. Short-shoot type lateral branches were commonly formed, of which significance, clarified through simulation experiments, was not to reduce mutual shading but to reduce assimilate use due to the overall shortage of photosynthetic production. Population-level development of Abies stands was simulated using PipeTree, a shoot-based, physiological simulator. The simulation suggested that single shoot characteristics need to be changed with height, through water potential change, so that observed phenomena of even-aged population development.