Constructing a School Counseling System

本研究是关于“建构学校谘商系统”的研究。在我们四年的研究中，我们从三个角度探讨了这个问题：1）开发一个关于用户（学生）心理健康问题需求的评估工具。2)调查是什么让学校的咨询服务更容易被学生利用。3)测量心理教育项目的效果。本研究以初中生和高中生为研究对象。1）为了探讨中学生同伴关系与心理健康的关系，首先编制了《同伴关系发展量表》。在此基础上进行了纵向和横向研究。结果表明，同伴关系不仅是学生的支持因素，也是压力源。本研究还发现了不同年级、不同性别的学生在同伴关系特征上的差异。我们使用这个量表纵向研究那些经历过拒绝上学的学生。本研究的纵向研究表明，心理弹性是预测大学生心理适应和心理健康的因素之一，也是预测大学生心理教育需求的因素之一。本研究从学生自身因素和学校辅导员自身因素两个方面探讨了提高学生求助态度的途径。研究发现学生对学校辅导员的印象和辅导员的行为对辅导服务的有效性有影响。3）在第三部分中，我们研究了一个社区在该地区的几所学校推行[同伴支持计划]的有效性。该项目得到了当地教师的高度评价。并对学校在实施该计划时需要解决的实质性问题进行了讨论。

This study is about "constructing a school counseling system". During our 4 years of studying, we approached this issue from 3 viewpoints ; 1) to develop a assessment tool about user's (students') needs on mental health problems. 2) To investigate what makes a school counseling service more available by students. 3) To measure the effect of the psycho-educational programs. Most of our subjects in this study were junior high school and high school students.1) In order to investigate the correlation between peer relationship among students and their mental health, we have made the [peer relationship developmental scale] at first. Then we have carried out some longitudinal and cross-sectional studies upon this scale. The results indicated peer relationships are not only the supportive factor but also are stressor for students. The peer relationship characteristic differences between each grades and genders are also found. For the next step, we have developed a resilience scale for students. We used this scale longitudinally to study those students who have experienced school refusal. This longitudinal study indicated that resilience is one of the factors to predict students' adaptation and mental health, and also their needs for the psycho-educational program.2) In this section of our study, we have investigated around help-seeking attitude. We discussed about factors within students and school counselors to enhance students' help-seeking attitude. We have found the students' image about school counselors and the behavior of counselors have effect on availability of counseling service.3) For the third section, we have studied effectiveness of the [peer-support program] in one neighborhood which introduced this program to several schools in the area. This program was highly appraised by the teachers in the area. Also the substantial problems to be solved at schools when introducing this program are discussed.