A STUDY ON THE DESCRIPTIO TEMPORUM OF "MEDIEVAL" AND "RENAISSANCE" IN ENGLISH LITERATURE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF CULTURAL REPRESENTATIONS

对“中世纪”和“文艺复兴”的时间描述问题从以下三个方面进行了探讨：(1)实质上的连续性，(2)实质上的不连续性，(3)作为史学表征的分类。(1)拉丁语和英语的语言双重结构构成了从中世纪到文艺复兴的时期。所谓的“中世纪拉丁语”和古典拉丁语之间确实存在差异，但这种差异与英语在同一时期所经历的不同是一致的。在语言双重结构本身得以保持的程度上，文化双重结构也是显而易见的。(2)中世纪欧洲文化本身是一个复合体，但当它接近文艺复兴时，矛盾的元素开始显露出来，这些元素在那些与异教古代有关的元素中看到了它们的代表。持有各种对立面的特征张力包括主客体情结。“不和谐共鸣”的美学是文艺复兴的一个显著标志。(3)“中世纪”和“文艺复兴”这两个描述性术语来自同一个原始时刻。然而，这一关键时刻将因新教的宗教精神而变得更加尖锐，并进一步被一些世俗的批评思想和观点取代。在这个动态的过程中，“中世纪”和“文艺复兴”这两个描述性术语被不同地表达出来。

The problems of the description temporum of "medieval" and "Renaissance" have been approached in terms of the following three aspects : (1) substantial continuity, (2) substantial discontinuity, and (3) classification as historiographical representation.(1) The linguistic double structure of Latina and English underlay the periods that extended from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. There was indeed a difference between the so-called "medieval Latin" and Classical Latin, but the difference corresponded to the one English underwent in the same period. Cultural double structure was also discernible to the extent to which the linguistic double structure itself was maintained.(2) Medieval European culture itself was a composite entity, but as it approached the Renaissance contradictory elements, which saw their representative in those relating to pagan antiquity, began to assert themselves. The characteristic tension that holds varieties of opposites includes the subject-object complex. The aesthetics of "discordia concors" is a distinguishing mark of the Renaissance.(3) The descriptive terms "the Middle Ages" and "the Renaissance" come from the same original moment. This critical moment, however, was to be sharpened by the religious spirit of Protestantism, and further re- and displaced by a number of secular critical thoughts and views. In this dynamic process the two descriptive terms "the Middle Ages" and "the Renaissance" have been variously articulated.