Studies on investigation and distribution of the neuropeptides in crustaceans

基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱仪(MALDI-TOF MS)已成为一种快速灵敏的分析工具，对细胞内分泌颗粒的直接MS测量产生了越来越大的影响。结果可用于第二步，即通过监测给定材料的分子质量并对其进行测序来提纯该物质。第三步是基于结构信息对给定物质的前体进行分子克隆。最后一步是用组织提取物进行毛细管反相高效液相色谱/飞行时间分析，以确定成熟激素分子的翻译后修饰。我们将这一总体策略称为“拓扑质谱学分析”。此外，由于可以从薄的组织切片中收集单个细胞，激光显微解剖已经成为在大脑中构建质谱学形态的有力工具。在这项研究中，我们从小龙虾脑中鉴定出了奥可激肽相关的多肽、甲壳动物的SIF酰胺和十足类的速激肽相关的多肽。已知嗅叶接受触角I上的化学感受器的初级传入末梢，但副叶似乎不接受初级传入轴突的直接输入。嗅叶和副叶的输出通路由大量投射神经元的轴突提供，其中支配嗅叶和副叶的投射神经元支配终髓和半椭球体的神经丛。这些多肽似乎在嗅觉中起着重要的作用。最后，拓扑质谱学分析将为鱼类领域中蛋白质/肽类激素的微观表征提供极好的手段。和昆虫内分泌学。

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has become a rapid and sensitive analytical tool that is having an increasing impact on the direct MS measurement of the secretory granules in the cells. The result is available for the second step that is purification of a given material by monitoring its molecular mass and then sequencing it. The third step is molecular cloning for the precursor of a given substance based on the structural information. The final step is capillary reversed-phase HPLC/Q-Tof analysis with the tissue extract to determine the posttranslational modifications for mature hormone molecules. We have called this total strategy as "topological mass spectrometry analysis". In addition, laser microdissection has become a powerful tool for construction of mass spectrometric morphology in the brain since it is possible to collect single cells from a thin tissue section. In this study, we have identified orcokinin-related peptides, crustacean-SIFamide, and decapod tachykinin-related peptide from the crayfish brain. It is known that the olfactory lobe receives the primary afferent endings of the chemoreceptors on antenna I, but the accessory lobe does not appear to receive a direct input from primary afferent axons. The output pathways from the, olfactory lobe and accessory lobe are provided by the axons of a large population of projection neurons, in which projection neurons innervating the olfactory lobe and accessory lobe innervate the neuropiles of the medulla terminalis and the hemiellipsoid body. The peptides seem to play a significant role in olfaction. Finally, topological mass spectrometry analysis will provide excellent means in micro-characterization of protein/peptide hormone in the field of fish. and insect endocrinology.