The Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin. A historical and sociological study of science (1978-2020)

该项目将检查柏林的Wiko。Wiko是世界上最著名的高等研究机构（IAS）之一，旨在为选定的顶尖科学家提供机会，让他们在日常大学生活的学科分割之外，为自己的思维提供新的方向。研究员应该不受任何剥削利益和成功的限制，甚至允许失败。从一开始，Kolleg就旨在通过邀请来自前东欧集团、非洲、亚洲和南美的所有学科的学者、艺术家和研究员，打破学科界限、科学与艺术之间的差异和国家研究传统。Wiko自1978年以来在20世纪70年代末和80年代的特定科学情境下的创立历史（大众大学，精英思维的批判，卓越话语的开始）将被重建，学院在西德和国际科学景观中的地位将被更准确地确定。在主要部分，将以档案、回忆录、访谈和研究员的工作报告为基础，研究Wiko的科学实践过去和现在是什么样子。Wiko似乎是一个科学社区的中心：住宿被故意设计为与大学的日常生活分开，并打算因此改变它们。在纵向剖面上，20世纪80年代以来科学家的习性和自我形象发生了明显的变化。Wiko也可以被解释为科学系统危机的征兆。在Wiko成立时，由于科层化、专业化、过度拥挤以及全球科学竞争加剧，科学系统受到了越来越多的批评。因此，本IAS为科学史提供了一个理想的案例研究，以便能够详细检查战后德国科学的多方面和复杂的结构变化，集中在一个偏心定位的机构上。

The project will examine the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin (Wiko). The Wiko is one of the world's most renowned Institutes for Advanced Study (IAS) and is intended to offer selected top scientists the opportunity to give their own thinking a new direction beyond the disciplinary segmentation of everyday university life. The fellows should be free from all exploitation interests and success constraints and even be allowed to fail. From the beginning, the Kolleg was intended to undermine disciplinary boundaries, the difference between science and art, and national research traditions by inviting scholars from all disciplines, artists, and fellows from the former Eastern Bloc, Africa, Asia, and South America. The founding history of the Wiko since 1978 in the specific scientific situation of the late 1970s and 1980s (mass university, critique of elite thinking, beginning of the discourse on excellence) will be reconstructed and the position of the college in the West German and international scientific landscape will be determined more precisely. In the main part, on the basis of files, memoirs, interviews and the work reports of the fellows, it will be examined what scientific practice at the Wiko was and is like. The Wiko appears as a hub of the scientific community: the stay is deliberately designed as a break with university routines and is intended to change them as a result. In longitudinal section, a transformation of the habitus and self-image of scientists since the 1980s becomes apparent. The Wiko can also be interpreted as a symptom of a crisis in the science system, which has come under increasing criticism due to bureaucratization, specialization, overcrowding, and the intensified global competition in science that was already emerging when the Wiko was founded. Therefore, this IAS offers an ideal case study in the history of science in order to be able to examine in detail the multifaceted and complex structural change of science in post-war Germany concentrated on an eccentrically positioned institution.