A study on the team management to cultivate flexible and functional collaboration

本研究从社会心理学的观点出发，探讨如何实现培养成员间灵活、功能性协作的团队管理。为了实现团队成员之间的灵活和功能性协作，团队成员必须进行准确的信息处理，相互弥补以防止团队错误，适当地共享信息以创造性地解决问题，并通过协调每个成员的努力和行为来实现每个成员的角色。本文对某驾驶室1988 ~ 2002年发生的交通事故进行了详细记录，并采用内容分析法进行了分析。在那之后，我们在这个司机部门进行了实地考察。根据这些活动的结果，我们制作了问卷并进行了调查。并对综合性医院的护士团队和公共服务的工作团队进行了调查，验证了不同工作团队之间存在共同的团队协作抑制属性。事实上，大多数团队成员更喜欢“避免冲突”的沟通风格，比如不愿意指出其他成员的错误。此外，我们正在分析的变量，提高了动机，以执行额外的工作或出卷工作，加强或干扰团队的能力，并授权团队活动。有趣的结果之一，我们发现了团队信息加工的团队水平的捷径现象。可以称之为团队协作。我们认为，团队沟通的质量是团队管理发展的关键，以培养成员之间的灵活和功能性的合作。

In this study, a series of researches were conducted to investigate how to materialize the team management that cultivates flexible and functional collaboration among members from the social psychological viewpoint. In order to realize flexible and functional collaboration among members, team members have to perform accurate information processing, to recover one another to prevent team errors, to share information appropriately to resolve problems creatively, and to achieve each member' s roll with coordination of each member' s efforts and behaviors.With great cooperation of a railway company, we have gotten the full detail records of accidents occurred in one drivers department since 1988 to 2002 and analyzed them all by means of content analysis method. After that, we conducted fieldwork in this drivers department. Based upon the results of these activities, we constructed the questionnaires and performed the surveys. As well, we conducted survey on nurse teams in general hospitals and worker teams in human services.These researches verified the common property inhibiting team collaborations among various work teams. It was the fact that most team members preferred communication style of "conflict avoidance" such as hesitating to point out the errors that other members made. Furthermore, we are analyzing the variables that enhance the motivation to perform extra work or out-of-roll works, that reinforce or interfere team competencies, and that empower team activities. One of interesting results, we found the team level short cut phenomenon of team information processing. It could be called team heuristics. We think that the qualities of team communication were the keys for the development of team management to cultivate flexible and functional collaboration among members.