Establishment of methods for genetic conservation on the target species in the management of natural

认为采伐的影响不仅会导致树木个体数量的减少，而且会通过未来的育种对遗传多样性产生很大的影响。遗传多样性是物种生存和进化的源泉，对维持森林生态系统的生物多样性具有重要意义。针对天然林中遗传多样性尚不明确的物种，探讨其对遗传多样性的影响。首先，阐明了大白桦（Betula maximowicziana）和白桦（Betula shimidtii）分布的遗传多样性状况。因此，近年来，为了防止其广泛分布的移动，必须对种植种群进行遗传管理，如设置种子分布区。此外，还验证了地面切割作为一种积极的多样性管理方法的有效性。此外，还明确了冷杉（Abies firma）、冷杉（Abies sachalinensis）和云杉（Picea jezoensis）在特定区域的遗传多样性。此外，还评价了更新、造林、采伐等不同管理措施对针叶树遗传多样性的影响。这些研究不仅阐明了该树种的种群分化和遗传结构，而且阐明了采伐、造林等森林经营对后代遗传多样性的影响。据认为，这些对未来的森林管理有很大的贡献。

It is thought that the influence of harvesting not only brings a decrease in the number of tree individuals but also will exert a big influence on genetic diversity through the breeding in the future. Genetic diversity is a source of the existence of each species and its evolution, and it is important to maintain the biodiversity in forest ecosystem. Species in natural forest which genetic diversity had not been clarified enough are targeted and we tried to discuss the influence exerted on it in this research. At first, on Betula maximowicziana and Betula shimidtii, the situation of genetic diversity that covered their distribution was clarified. As the result, genetic management of planting stocks, such as the setting of seed distribution area, was proven to be necessary against the movement of their wide range distribution in recent years. Moreover, the effectiveness of ground scarification as a positive diversity management method was verified on B.maximowicziana. Moreover, genetic diversity of Abies firma, Abies sachalinensis and Picea jezoensis in a specific region was clarified respectively. In addition, the influence of various managements as regeneration, afforestation, harvesting, etc. on their genetic diversity was evaluated on the conifers.The population differentiation and the genetic structure of the tree species were not only clarified by these researches but also the influence of forest management like harvesting, afforestation, etc. on genetic diversity of the future generation was clarified a part. It is thought that these greatly contribute to the forest management for the future.