Molecular epidemiology for protozoan diseases in domestic animals in Xin

采用血清学和分子生物学技术，对新疆维吾尔自治区家畜中立克次体和原虫的流行情况进行了调查。以柠檬酸合成酶基因为基础的聚合酶链式反应和测序技术对采集的牛体样本进行立克次体感染的检测。从达涅利血蜱中检测到四个阳性样本，并发现与最近检测到的‘念珠菌立克次体’有很高的相似性。用间接免疫荧光法检测新疆地区家畜中的无形体和埃立克体感染情况。在阿拉泰、伊犁和喀什地区牧场饲养的反刍动物中，主要检出巨噬细胞无形体和查菲埃立克体抗体。记录抗体效价，效价达1：320。这些结果表明，在这些地区饲养的反刍动物可能感染了一些无浆体和埃立克体属。调查了新疆西部地区驴感染马巴贝斯虫和卡巴利巴贝斯虫的情况。随机抽取喀什、伊犁地区毛驴血清93份，用重组抗原用酶联免疫吸附试验(EL ISA)检测马球虫和卡巴利球虫感染。93份标本中，马不动杆菌阳性9份(9.6%)，卡巴氏杆菌阳性36份(38.7%)。此外，2份样本(2.2%)同时检测到马分枝杆菌和卡巴利分枝杆菌感染。这些结果表明，马巴贝斯虫病可能在新疆西部的驴中广泛流行。我们探索和评价了几种家畜原虫疾病的特异性抗原，如犬新孢子虫、卡巴氏杆菌、马巴贝斯虫病、吉伯逊巴贝斯虫病和牛巴贝斯虫病。我们还利用这些重组抗原建立了几种血清学诊断方法，如酶联免疫吸附试验和免疫层析试验。

We investigated the prevalence of rickettsial and protozoan diseases by serological and molecular techniques in domestic animals in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Tick DNA samples from cattle were examined for Rickettsia infection by citrate synthase gene-based PCR and sequencing. Four positive samples were detected from Haemaphysalis danieli and high levels of similarity were found with recently detected 'Candidatus Rickettsia principis.' Anaplasma and Ehrlichia infection in domestic animals in Xinjiang area were examined by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The antibodies for Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis were detected mainly in ruminants kept on pastureland in Altai, Ili and Kashgar area. Antibody titers up to 1:320 were recorded. These results indicate that ruminants kept in these areas may be infected with some species of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia. The prevalence of Babesia equi and B. caballi infections in donkeys in western Xinjiang was investigated. In total, 93 serum samples were randomly taken from donkeys in the Kashgar and Ili areas, and examined for B. equi and B. caballi infections by ELISA using recombinant antigens. Of the 93 samples, 9 (9.6%) and 36 (38.7%) samples were positive for B. equi infection and B. caballi infection, respectively. In addition, 2 (2.2%) samples were positive for both B. equi and B. caballi infections. These results indicate that equine babesiosis might be extensively prevalent in donkeys in western Xinjiang.We explored and evaluated several candidates of specific antigens for protozoan diseases in domestic animals such as Neospora caninum, B. caballi, B. equi, B. gibsoni and B. bovis infections. We also developed several serological diagnostic methods such as ELISA and Immunochromatographic test with those recombinant antigens.