The study of the concept of "cultural landscape"-its history and international comparison

通过对文化景观概念形成的历史背景的国际比较研究，本文在借鉴国外和国际上对文化景观的不同概念和保护制度的基础上，结合我国文化景观保护的实际情况，它起源于19世纪保护自然美的运动，反对欧洲和北美的快速工业发展和自然破坏，并在第二次世界大战后开始的自然保护运动中发挥了至关重要的作用。当前的文化景观概念是在20世纪80年代的新一轮环保运动中，对19世纪世纪经典景观概念的重申和融合而形成的 ...更多信息 自然保护的概念，并在此基础上分两条线发展，形成了文化遗产和自然保护领域，文化景观的概念通过世界遗产公约被引入各国的遗产保护体系，但各国对文化景观概念的解释和保护的实际操作体系各不相同，反映了每个个案中文化背景的差异。特别是，对于北美或太平洋国家，文化景观的保护制度与第一民族或少数民族的保护和促进政策有着密切的联系，而对于欧洲国家，重点是对经济促进政策的贡献，特别是对农业产业的贡献。一般而言，许多国家都希望保护文化景观，将其作为对土地保护政策和地方经济发展政策的贡献的一部分。少

The research contributed to the objective of seeking a future direction for the protection systems of cultural landscapes through the international comparative study on the historical background of the formation of the concept of cultural landscapes, based on the different concepts and protection systems of other foreign countries and international communities and on case studies of the actual protection of cultural landscapes.The current concept of cultural landscape has roots in the 19th-century movement for the protection of natural beauty, set against the rapid industrial development and nature-destruction in Europe and North America, and for its subsequent development the nature conservation movement that played a crucial role started after the Second World War. The current concept of the cultural landscape was formed during the new wave of environmental protection movements in the 1980's by reaffirming and merging the concept of landscape that rose from the 19th century's classic … More al concept of nature conservation, and this concept succeeded and developed divided into two lines, forming the cultural heritage and nature conservation fields.The concepts of cultural landscape were introduced into the heritage protection systems of many countries through the World Heritage Convention, but the interpretation of the concepts and the actual operation systems for their protection differ from country to country, reflecting the differences among the cultural backgrounds in each individual case. In particular, as for North American or the Pacific countries the protection systems for cultural landscapes have strong connection to the protection and promotion policies for first nations or minorities, as for European countries the emphasis is laid on the contribution to the policies of economical promotion, in particular for agricultural industries. In general the protection of cultural landscapes is expected in many countries as part of their contribution to land protection policies as well as local economical development policies. Less