Academic research project on oncogenic factors in malignant tumors in the eastnorthern China

本学术调查项目的致癌因素在恶性肿瘤的东北中国调查鼻腔恶性淋巴瘤（ML）检查病理科，中国医科大学在沈阳。大多数ML是EB病毒（EBV）相关的鼻型NK/T细胞ML。大多数淋巴瘤细胞CD 3 ε、细胞毒性颗粒如TIA-1和CD 56阳性，而标记NK/T细胞的LAT-1阴性。该ML中的退行性趋势的特征在于许多混杂的CD 204（清道夫受体）阳性巨噬细胞、少数裂解的caspase-3阳性凋亡细胞和许多具有高自噬的细胞，其通过酶促抗原修复和beclin-1的超敏感免疫组化标记。2001年以来7年间134例临床诊断为鼻淋巴瘤的患者中，鼻内存在EB病毒相关的NK/T细胞型淋巴瘤和部分EB病毒相关的B细胞型淋巴瘤，而咽部存在EB病毒相关的微小鳞状细胞癌和鼻非EB病毒相关的微小鳞状细胞癌。另一方面，在一项小规模调查中，在该限制区的皮肤中未发现鼻型NK/T ML和许多CD 30阳性原发性皮肤淋巴增生性病变。综上所述，除EBV感染外，还存在Aozasa报道的农药等外部致癌因素。关于鼻型NK/T淋巴细胞的致癌因素，致癌因素被认为是暴露于外部因素，鼻和咽之间暴露效应的差异，鼻炎症中可能出现特殊的糖/粘蛋白物质以及可以检测这种糖/粘蛋白物质的NK/T细胞的诱导。这些致癌因素必须进一步研究。

This academic survey project of oncogenic factors in malignant tumors the east-northern China investigated nasal malignant lymphomas (MLs) examined in the Department of Pathology, China Medical University in Shenyoung. Most of the MLs were Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related nasal type NK/T-cell MLs. Most of the lymphomas cells were positive for CD3ε, cytotoxic granulessuch as TIA-1 and CD56 but were negative for LAT-1 that labels NK/T-cells. The degenerative tendency in this MLs was characterized by many intermingling CD204 (Scavenger receptor)-positive macrophages, few cleaved caspase-3-positive apoptotic cells and many cells with high autophagy that was labeled by means of enzymatic antigen retrieval and supersensitive immunohistochemistry of beclin-1. In 134 cases diagnosed clinically as nasal lymphomas for 7 years from 2001, many EBV-related nasal type NK/T-cell MLs and some EBV-related B-cell MLs occurred much frequently in the nose than in the pharynx whereas there were EBV-not-related minute squamous carcinomas in the nose and EBV-related ones in the pharynx. On the other hand, in the skin in this restrict no nasal type NK/T MLs and many CD30-positive primary cutaneous lymphproliferative lesions were noted in a small-sized survey. Taken together, it was suggested that there were external oncogenic factors such as pesticides reported by Aozasa besides EBV infections. As for the oncogenic factors in nasal type NK/T MLs the oncogenic factors were thought as the exposure to the external factors, the differences in their exposure effects between the nose and the pharynax, possible appearance of peculiar sugar/mucin materials in the inflammation in the nose and induction of NK/T cells that can detect such sugar/mucin materials. These oncogenic factors must be studied further.