Characterization of regulatory genes involved in glucose transport in chicken skeletal muscles. -Development of new technique for high quality meat production-

葡萄糖是大多数动物细胞的基本燃料来源。提示葡萄糖转运蛋白（GLUT）和己糖激酶（HK）的功能特性可能是调控鸡体内葡萄糖稳态的种属特异性机制，即高血糖和胰岛素抵抗。本研究的目的是探讨GLUTs和HKs是否参与鸡骨骼肌发生的调控，以及在孵化后的鸡中是否利用基因表达的修饰来建立高效的动物生产。(1)胰岛素诱导的肌管葡萄糖转运激活过程中GLUT 1和HKII mRNA表达的变化随着培养液中胰岛素浓度的增加，鸡肌管中GLUT 1和HKII的表达增加。这一结果表明，GLUT 1和HKII是胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖转运的关键调节因子。(2)成肌基因表达下调后的变化 ...更多信息 GLUT 1和HKII表达使用siRNA tequunic，与其对照对应物相比，成肌细胞中IGF-I、肌生长抑制素和MyoD mRNA的水平显著降低，使GLUT 1和HKII mRNA表达下调70%以上。葡萄糖转运因子，尤其是GLUT 1和HKII，参与了肌形成的基因表达。(3)通过激活葡萄糖转运建立高效产肉系统1日龄肉仔鸡经单剂量胰岛素或甲苯磺丁脲处理后，其体重和PAX 7 mRNA表达量均显著高于对照组（P < 0. 05）。(4)早期饲粮鸡骨骼肌IGF-I和Myostatin基因表达的变化早期饲粮鸡的体重、骨骼肌重及其IGF-I mRNA表达均显著高于对照组。与此相反，肌肉生长抑制素的mRNA水平下降，在骨骼肌的早期孵化后的饮食相比，控制鸡。这些结果清楚地表明，葡萄糖转运的激活刺激骨骼肌的发育，在新孵化的小鸡和骨骼肌GLUT 1和HKII基因表达的增强，有效地操纵肌肉生产在成熟的肉仔鸡。少

Glucose is an essential fuel source for most animal cells. It is suggested that species-specific regulatory mechanisms of glucose homeostasis in chickens, i.e. high plasma glucose level and insulin resistance, might be regulated by the functional characterization of glucose transporter (GLUT) and hexokinase (HK). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether GLUTs and HKs are involved in the regulation of myogenesis in chicken skeletal muscles and whether modification of the gene expression in post-hatched chicks in utilized to build the high efficient animal production.(1) Changes in myotube mRNA expressions for GLUTs and HKs in activation of glucose transport inducted by insulin The expressions of GLUT1 and HKII in chicken cultured myotubes were increased with the increase of insulin concentration in media. This result suggested that GLUT1 and HKII were key regulator of insulin stimulated glucose transport.(2) Changes in myogenic gene expression under the down-regulation of … More GLUT1 and HKII expression The levels of IGF-I, Myostatin and MyoD mRNA were significantly lower in the myoblast to over 70% down-regulate GLUT1 and HKII mRNA expression using siRNA tequnic compared to that of their control counterparts. Then, the factors of glucose transport, particularly GLUT1 and HKII, were involved in the gene expression of myogenesis.(3) Development of high efficient meat production system by activation of glucose transport in post-hatched chicks Pectoralis superficialis weight and its PAX7 mRNA expression in chickens of one-day-old broiler chickens given a single dose of insulin or tolbutamide were significantly higher than those in control chickens at 7 days of age.(4) Changes in gene expression of IGF-I and Myostatin in chicken skeletal muscles fed early post-hatch diet The body weight, skeletal muscle weight, and its IGF-I mRNA expression in chickens fed early post-hatch diet were significantly higher than those in control chickens. In contrast, Myostatin mRNA level was decreased in skeletal muscle of chickens fed early post-hatch diet compared to that of control chickens.These results clearly shows that the activation of glucose transport stimulates the development of skeletal muscles in newly hatched chicks, and enhancement of GLUT1 and HKII gene expression in skeletal muscles of newly hatched chicks effectively manipulates meat production in mature broiler chickens. Less