Integration of chromosome maps of allogamous diploid red clover.

红三叶(Trifolium pratense L.)是一种饲用豆科牧草，为异交二倍体(2n=2x=14)，基因组大小为440Mb。用26S和5S rDNA探针、细菌人工染色体(BAC)克隆和染色体图像分析系统(CHIAS4)对7条前中期染色体进行了荧光原位杂交(FISH)鉴定。14个BAC克隆分别与4、2、6、5、1、7和3号染色体远端杂交，分别位于每个连锁群的两端，代表为LG1-7。以CHIAS4为基础，构建定量习惯图，对FISH定位的染色体图像进行定量分析。这是我国第一份完整的红三叶染色体图谱，整合了遗传连锁图谱和数量染色体图谱，为研究豆科植物的遗传数据和深入研究提供了有价值的信息。本研究为豆科牧草品种的DNA标记和分子育种提供了重要数据。

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a forage legume, an allogamous diploid (2n=2x=14) with 440Mb genome size. Seven prometaphase chromosomes were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 26S and 5S rDNA probes and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones and chromosome image analysis system ver.4.0 (CHIAS4). 14 BAC clones located close to the both end of each linkage group (LG), representatively LG1-7, exclusively hybridized to the distal regions of Chromosome 4, 2, 6, 5, 1, 7 and 3, respectively. Chromosomes images of FISH mapping were quantitatively analyzed based on CHIAS4 and construct of quantitative idiogram. This is the first complete chromosome map of red clover and integration of the genetic linkage maps and the quantitative chromosome maps provides valuable information on the genetic data and insight into the legumes genetics. This study should contribute to provide significant data for DNA markers and molecular breeding in legume varieties.