Research on status of psychiatric expert testimony in Lay Judge System in Japan

自非专业法官制度实施以来，进行司法精神鉴定的案件数量急剧增加。几乎所有涉及在法庭上审查精神病专家证人的案件都在专家和律师之间举行会议，并由专家进行陈述。笔者提出了反思刑事责任决策过程的8个步骤结构。这8个步骤是：(1)收集与精神功能和状况有关的信息，(2)识别精神功能和状况，(3)精神诊断，(4)描述他/她的精神状况或精神病理与指标犯罪的关系，(5)注重辨别是非和行为控制的能力，(6)在法律语境中明确认知/意志分叉的要素，(7)认知/意志分叉程度的法律评估，以及(8)将认知/意志分叉的最终解释为法律结论。

Since the enforcement of the lay judge system, there has been a sharp increase in the number of cases of carrying out forensic psychiatric evaluation. Almost all cases that involved examination of a psychiatric expert witness in the courtroom implemented conferences between the expert and lawyers and a presentation by the expert. The author proposed 8 step structure to reflect on the criminal responsibility decision-making process. The 8 steps are: (1) gathering of information relating to mental function and condition, (2) recognition of mental function and condition, (3) psychiatric diagnosis, (4) description of relationship between his/her mental condition or psychopathology and the index offense, (5) focus on capacities of differentiation between right and wrong and behavior control, (6) specification of the elements of cognitive/volitional prong in legal context, (7) legal evaluation of degree of cognitive/volitional prong, and (8) final interpretation of CR as a legal conclusion.