Diary-writing at European courts at the end of the Old Regime: Concepts of person, ritual and gender (Teilbereich I: Ritualisierte Lebensweisen)

该项目旨在收集、探索、背景化和分析18世纪下半叶欧洲法院写的日记，既作为文本，也作为历史来源。在早期的现代宫廷中，个人关系是由等级和礼仪决定的，公共生活比私人生活更重要。到18世纪中叶，出身等级的合法性以及仪式性宫廷的高昂成本，从内部和外部都受到了侵蚀。自我文件的产生也在增加，这通常被解释为内省和自我质疑的增长，并与“个人的诞生”有关。在这个项目中解决的关键问题是，在多大程度上，在宫廷里写私人日记被用来解决公共和私人之间的紧张关系，并创造一个独立的人物？这个人物角色，从更广泛的意义上说，是由作者在法院等级制度和家庭中的地位决定的人的概念，内在的，还是关系的？他在多大程度上受到他或她所处环境的仪式的影响？它在多大程度上是性别化的？在头两年，研究将集中在荷兰最高法院。在第二阶段，范围将扩大到普鲁士和哈布斯堡法院，以比较结果并检验基于荷兰案例研究的假设。该项目的核心将是对三份广泛的法庭日记进行深入比较，这些日记分别写于海牙（Hardenbroek, 1759-1787）、柏林（Lehndorff, 1750-1775）和维也纳（khevenhler - metsch, 1742-1776）。

This project aims to collect, explore, contextualise and analyse diaries written at European courts in the second half of the 18th century, both as texts, and as historical sources. At the early modern courts personal relations were determined by hierarchy and etiquette, and public life took prominence over private life. By the middle of the 18th century legitimacy of rank by birth and of the high costs of a ceremonial court was being eroded, both from the inside and the outside. There was also an increasing production of egodocuments, which has usually been interpreted as a sign of growing introspection and self-questioning, and connected with the "birth of the individual". Amongst key questions addressed in the project are to what extent the writing of a private diary at court was used to solve tensions between public and private and to create a separate persona? Was this persona, and in a wider sense the concept of person, inner-directed, or relational, that is determined by the place of the author within the court-hierarchy and family? To what extent was is shaped by the rituals of his or her environment? To what extent was it gendered? During the first two years the research will concentrate on the Dutch Stadholderate court. In the second stage the scope will be widened to the Prussian and Habsburg courts, to compare the results and test the hypotheses based on the Dutch case-study. Central to the project will be an in-depth comparison between three extensive court diaries, written in The Hague (Hardenbroek, 1759-1787), in Berlin (Lehndorff, 1750-1775) and in Vienna (Khevenhüller-Metsch, 1742-1776).