Quaternary tsunami events in the eastern Ionian Sea - reconstructing and modelling extreme events based on interdisciplinary geo-scientific investigations

位于安布拉基亚湾和伯罗奔尼撒半岛南部之间的希腊海岸暴露在高度易发生海啸的希腊海沟中。其特征是多次强海啸登陆的突出地貌和沉积证据。在超区域尺度上，东部爱奥尼亚海海啸研究项目侧重于全新世海啸影响的重建和模拟及其对长期沿海演变的影响。岸上海啸沉积物，如冲积和反冲沉积物，错位的巨型块体和沿海平原沉积物中的异源沉积痕迹是重建古海啸事件的宝贵工具。事件沉积物部分从震核中提取，将通过地貌学、沉积学、微形态学、微古生物学、地球化学和古环境分析进行研究。放射性碳测年和岩石定年法是建立海啸地质年代学的首选方法。地质考古研究将有助于检查古代沿海定居点是如何受到（古）海啸影响的。实地和实验室研究将产生一个与地理信息系统有关的海啸现场参数数据库，以适应和改进海啸登陆和长期海岸演变的计算机模型。计算机建模方法将基于波浪和水力理论、区域数字高程模型和高分辨率遥感数据，并考虑到海底质量运动和/或垂直板块错位是潜在的触发因素。该跨学科项目嵌入了一个国际研究网络，并显示出巨大的创新潜力，特别是通过应用(i)激光扫描摄影测量方法来模拟巨型块位错和（ii） 36Cl表面暴露测年来评估海啸沉积物的年龄和交叉检查其他测年方法。

The Greek coast between the Ambrakian Gulf and the southern Peloponnese is exposed to the highly tsunamigenic Hellenic Trench. It is characterized by outstanding geomorphological and sedimentological evidence of multiple strong tsunami landfalls. On a (supra-)regional scale, the eastern Ionian Sea tsunami research project focuses on the reconstruction and modelling of Holocene tsunami impacts and their influence on the long-term coastal evolution. Onshore tsunami deposits such as runup and backwash deposits, dislocated mega-blocks and allochthonous sedimentary traces in coastal plain deposits are valuable instruments to reconstruct palaeotsunami events. Event deposits, partly retrieved from vibracores, will be studied by geomorphological, sedimentological, micromorphological, micropalaeontological, geochemical and palaeoenvironmental analyses. Radiocarbon and OSL-datings are first-choice methods to establish a tsunami geochronology. Geoarchaeological studies will help to check how ancient coastal settlements were affected by (palaeo-)tsunami impacts. Field and laboratory studies will result in a GIS-related tsunami field parameter database to adapt and refine computer models of tsunami landfall and long-term coastal evolution. Computer modelling approaches will be based on wave and hydraulic theories, regional digital elevation models and high-resolution remote sensing data and take into account submarine mass movements and/or vertical plate dislocations as potential triggers. The interdisciplinary project is embedded in an international research network and shows a large innovative potential, especially by the application of (i) laser scan photogrammetric methods for modelling mega-block dislocations and (ii) 36Cl surface exposure dating for assessing the age of tsunami deposits and cross-checking other dating methods.