To Search for a integrated Asian Management System

本研究的目的是通过对日本子公司和亚洲地区本土企业的企业文化进行比较分析，寻求一种一体化的亚洲管理体系。关于日本的管理制度或日本的思维方式的可移植性，在日本的外国人和当地员工之间存在着对立的意见。当地员工普遍倾向于认为日本的制度是一种特殊的制度，因此它对外国的可移植性很低。然而，日本人对此持不同意见。他们说，亚洲子公司的良好表现表明了日本体系的可移植性。哪种观点更有道理？笔者认为，这两种对立的观点可以分为两个不同的层次，即原则层次和制度层次。虽然日本的生产管理方法、工资晋升制度等管理制度可以完全适用于亚洲的土壤，但日本的思维方式和公司管理方式却不受亚洲人欢迎。第一个问题是，在国际化进程的多种模式中，独资子公司比合资子公司表现出更高的日本管理体制的可转移性，而且当地劳动力的工作满意度也很高。第二个问题是，在日本的外籍员工和当地员工的认知差距主要发生在决策过程和劳动关系领域。第三个问题是，作为日本本土思想管理方法的QCC活动或建议制度的实施程度无疑是低的，但这种现象不是由文化差异造成的，而是由于企业历史短。

The aim of this research is to search for a integrated Asian Management System through the comparative analysis of corporate culture between Japanese subsidiaries and local companies in Asian region. Opposing opinions among Japanese expatriates and local staffs are observed about the transferability of the Japanese management system or Japanese way of thinking.Local staffs generally have the inclination to think the Japanese system as a special one, hence it's transferability to foreign countries is very low. However, Japanese argue this opinion. They say that good performance of the Asian subsidiaries is indicative of the transferability of Japanese system. Which opinion is more plausible?. In my opinion, these two conflicting opinions can be classified two different levels, that is to say, principle level and institutional level. Although Japanese management system, such as production control method, wage-promotion system can be fully applicable to an Asian soil, Japanese way of thinking or keeping company are not welcomed to an Asian peoples.We found three points through the survey. First issue is, among the many patterns of the internationalization process, fully-owned subsidaries showed higher transferability of Japanese management system than joint ventures, and job satisfactionof local labors is also high. Second issues is that peceptional gap between Japanese expatriates and local staffs occurred mainly in the field of decision making process and labor relationship. Third issue is the extent of implementation of QCC asctivities or suggestion system, which are thought management method indigenous Japan, is undoubtedly is low, but this phenomenon is caused not by cultural difference but the short business history.