Reserve & Charge: Optimal integration of parking availability and EV charging

政府设定的雄心勃勃的目标是到2030年结束化石燃料汽车的销售，这给英国的充电站基础设施带来了巨大的压力，使其能够为当前和未来的电动汽车车主做好准备并方便使用。没有足够的公共充电点可用于提高电动汽车用户对电动汽车使用的信心，并且那些可用的公共充电点通常提供较差的用户体验，增加用户焦虑并导致电动汽车用户的沮丧。与此同时，公共充电点基础设施的低利用率仍然是充电点提供商盈利能力的主要问题，这使得快速电动汽车充电点推广的商业案例变得困难。打破这种先有鸡还是先有蛋的局面的一个关键领域是大幅改善公共充电点的电动汽车用户体验，并增强英国电动汽车用户（当前和未来）的信心。电动汽车用户希望能够在需要时确保充电座的安全，并计划他们的日常行程，而不会遇到任何麻烦。充电站运营商希望最大限度地利用这些充电站来增加利润，并确保其基础设施能够满足现有需求。Reserve&Charge利用智能停车技术的最新创新，并将其引入电动汽车充电基础设施，整合实时数据和新的服务功能。具体创新集中在充电点的可靠占用检测、跨多个CPO的充电位预订、运营商执法自动化、用户逾期停留通知和自动支付。由此产生的系统使电动汽车用户和停车基础设施所有者/运营商受益：电动汽车用户获得公共充电点的确定性更高，规划行程时更安心。它还通过向EV用户提供提前警告来改善支付过程，以避免因逾期逗留和自动支付过程而导致的超额支付。充电站所有者的好处是通过自动检测违规行为和优化充电站利用率来改善执法。建议的解决方案适用于更广泛的公共充电场景。我们最初的市场重点是通勤者，包括残疾司机，火车站停车场和交通服务提供商。这符合英国Road to Zero战略（2018年）：“特别是火车站停车场为更多目的地充电点提供了机会”。TfWM Park+Ride停车场是计划中的Reserve&Charge演示和用户验收测试的理想选择。已确定的市场机会在未来十年内提供了巨大的增长潜力。

The ambitions target set by government to end the sale of fossil fuel vehicles by 2030 puts significant pressure on UK's charge point infrastructure to be ready and easily accessible for current and future EV owners.The current reality however is very different. There are not enough public charge points available to boost EV user confidence in EV uptake and those available often offer poor user experience, increasing user anxiety and causing frustration of EV users. At the same time, low utilisation of public charge point infrastructure remains a major issue for a charge point provider profitability, making a business case for rapid EV charge point rollout difficult.A key area to break this chicken and egg situation is to drastically improve EV user experience at public charge points and boost the confidence of EV users (current & future) in the UK. EV users want to be able to secure a charging bay whenever they require and plan their daily journey without any hassle. Operators of charge points want to maximise utilisation of these to increase profits and to ensure that their infrastructure can satisfy existing demand.Reserve&Charge leverages recent innovation in smart parking technologies and brings these to EV charging infrastructures, integrating real-time data and novel service capabilities. Specific innovations focus on reliable occupancy detection at charge points, pre-booking of charging bays across multiple CPOs, automation of enforcement for operators, overstay notifications for users and automatic payments.The resulting system benefits both EV users and parking infrastructure owners/operators: EV users have greater certainty to acquire a public charging point and peace of mind when planning their journey. It also improves the payment process by giving EV users advanced warning to avoid overpayment due to overstay and an automated payment process. Benefits for the charge point owner are improved enforcement by automatic detection of violations and optimised charge point utilisation.The proposed solution is applicable to a wider range of public charging scenarios. Our initial market focus is on commuters, including disabled drivers, at train station park & ride (P&R) car parks and transportation service providers. This is in line with the UK Road to Zero strategy (2018) stating: "In particular, train station car parks hold an opportunity for more destination charge points". TfWM Park+Ride car parks are ideal for the planned Reserve&Charge demonstrations and user acceptance tests. The identified market opportunity offers significant growth potential over the next decade.